<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JMP</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Modern Physics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2153-1196</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/jmp.2014.517188</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JMP-51903</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  A Study of Some Properties of Bottomonium
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>.</surname><given-names>M. Yasser</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>G.</surname><given-names>S. Hassan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>T.</surname><given-names>A. Nahool</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Physics Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>Yasser.mostafa@sci.svu.edu.eg(.MY)</email>;<email>tarek.abdelwahab@sci.svu.edu.eg(TAN)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>05</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>1938</fpage><lpage>1944</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>5</day>	<month>September</month>	<year>2014</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>1</day>	<month>October</month>	<year>2014</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day>	<month>October</month>	<year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><html>
 <head></head>
 
   We apply matrix Numerov’s method to obtain the radial wave functions; from these wave functions we calculate the root mean square radius &lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;<sub>ms</sub> and &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; coefficients of bottomonium <img src="Edit_2b3736d4-c51d-406d-8f0d-55b565477bb6.bmp" width="18" height="12" alt="" />. The obtained results have implications for decay constants, decay widths and differential cross sections of heavy mesons. 
 
</html></p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Matrix Numerov’s Method</kwd><kwd> Wave Functions</kwd><kwd> &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; Coefficient</kwd><kwd> Root Mean Square Radius</kwd><kwd> Bottomonium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>Quarkonium in particle physics refers to meson whose constituents are a quark and its own antiquark. The famous quarkonium system is charmonium and bottomonium. Bottomonium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> meson has discovered recently with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref1">1</xref>] . Bottomonium family is the set of particles that contain both a bottom quark and an anti-bottom quark but are bound together with different energies. A number of botommonium properties are well described by the quark model [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref2">2</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref8">8</xref>] where mesons have quantum numbers<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x10.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x11.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x12.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>; <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x13.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x14.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are the quantum numbers for the quark-anti- quark orbital angular momentum and their net spin angular momentum respectively [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref9">9</xref>] . The main aim of our work is to study the spectra of heavy mesons and the corresponding wave functions. Bottomonium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x15.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> spectra, as an example of heavy meson, are investigated by using matrix Numerov’s method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref10">10</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref11">11</xref>] via non-relativistic potential model [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref12">12</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref14">14</xref>] . However, a vast majority of numerical methods have been used to solve the Schr&#246;dinger equation (SE) numerically, for instance, Runge-Kutta method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref15">15</xref>] , Shooting method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref16">16</xref>] , Numerov’s method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref17">17</xref>] , four-step exponentially fitted method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref18">18</xref>] and the factorization method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref19">19</xref>] . But, here we show that the matrix Numerov’s algorithm is a more efficient and fast one to achieve our goal; we hope this approximation gives the reliability features of heavy meson investigation. Moreover, the heavy-meson wave functions determined in this work can be employed to make predictions of other properties. On the other hand, the main motivation is to calculate the root mean square radius <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x16.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of different states for bottomonium and the numerical values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x17.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coefficient, which can be used to calculate the decay widths [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref20">20</xref>] , and differential cross sections [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref21">21</xref>] for quarkonium states. Besides, an additional aim of our work is to investigate the mass-radius dependence for states of bottomonium. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we present some characteristics properties of bottomonium mesons which in turn depend on the potential model. In Section 3, we present our main problem and its analytic solution. In Section 4, results and discussion are given. Finally in the last section, we summarize our main results and conclusions.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Characteristics of Bottomonium Mesons</title><sec id="s2_1"><title>2.1. The Potential Model of Bottomonium Mesons</title><p>One of the most successful ways of describing the quarkonium system is to solve the non-relativistic Schr&#246;dinger equation for these quark-anti quark states with an appropriate potential model. In a non-relativistic constituent quark model, one ignores the dynamical effects of gluon fields on the hadrons structure and properties. Quarks are considered as non-relativistic objects interacting via an instantaneous adiabatic potential provided by gluons, and the non relativistic description with the Schr&#246;dinger equation gives acceptable results.</p><p>Thus, the potential model used here [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref22">22</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref23">23</xref>] is written as:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.51903-formula394"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x18.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the reduced mass of the quark and anti-quark, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the mass of the bottom</p><p>quark, and S is the total spin quantum number of the meson. For the <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> mesons, the parameters<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are taken to be 0.4036, 0.1624 GeV, 2.4948 GeV and 4.8097 GeV respectively [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref24">24</xref>] . <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the tensor operator and the spin-orbit operator is diagonal in a <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> basis [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref9">9</xref>] , with the matrix elements.</p><disp-formula id="scirp.51903-formula395"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x29.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s2_2"><title>2.2. Wave Functions of Bottomonium Mesons</title><p>Bottomonium mesons can be described by the wave function of the bound quark-antiquark state which satisfies the SE by using the potential given in Equation (1). Radial Schr&#246;dinger equation, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, is written (in natural units) as:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.51903-formula396"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x31.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the radial wave function, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the inter quark distance, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the sum of kinetic and potential of quark-antiquark system, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are defined above through Equation (1). The matrix Numerove’s method is used to solve Equation (1) to get spectra of bottomonium, the detailed of this method could be found in Ref. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref11">11</xref>] . In the following sections, we employ that method to obtain the wave functions of bottomonium.</p></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Basic Properties of Bottomonium Meson</title><sec id="s3_1"><title>3.1. Bottomonium Root Mean Square Radius <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title><p>Define Bottomonium root mean square radius <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is one of basic properties of bottomonium. If the distance between the quark and anti-quark in bottomonium is <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> fm it may be regarded that bottomonium has radius <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> fm where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the distance from the point quark to anti-quark. <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>can be derived from the meson wave function and may be written as [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref25">25</xref>] .</p><disp-formula id="scirp.51903-formula397"><label>(3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x43.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s3_2"><title>3.2. β Coefficient</title><p>The meson wave function is characterized by a momentum width parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> that is related to the root mean square quark-antiquark separation <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of the meson by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref26">26</xref>] .</p><disp-formula id="scirp.51903-formula398"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x46.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the principal quantum number and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the sub-atomic energy level number. The parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is typically taken as a parameter of the model. However, since we are seeking for describing the decay of heavy quark states, it is preferable to reproduce <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coefficient of the quark model states. These values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are obtained for the first time. So, we suggest using it to calculate the decay width of heavy quarkonium states.</p></sec></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Results and Discussion</title><p>A non-relativistic potential model is used to study some properties of bottomonium meson by using the matrix Numerov’s method. The eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions are found by using the same method. Then we normalized the wave functions and found the root mean square radius of bottomonium mesons by using Equation (3). Moreover, we can obtain computational values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coefficient by using Equation (4). The normalized radial wave functions for bottomonium mesons are graphically represented in Figures 1-3 respectively. For bottomonium mesons, our calculated masses and root mean square radius are reported in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref> in case of S, P and D States respectively. We observe that our results are in good agreement with the experiment [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref27">27</xref>] and existing theoretically predicted values [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref24">24</xref>] , which shows the validity of the used method. Some of our calculated root mean square radii are found to be in good agreement with the published one of ref. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref28">28</xref>] . The <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x53.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> values could be used to calculate the decay constants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref29">29</xref>] , decay widths [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref29">29</xref>] , and differential cross sections [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref30">30</xref>] for quarkonium states with high accuracy as we used complicated potential model. The predictions about these quantities are also reported in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref> for bottomonium S, P, and D States respectively. Finally, we investigated the mass-radius dependence for states of bottomonium. We confirmed a leading linear relation between masses</p><fig id="fig1"  position="float"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref></label><caption><title> Bottomonium S-states reduced radial wave functions plotted together with used potential</title></caption><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x54.png"/></fig><fig id="fig2"  position="float"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref></label><caption><title> Bottomonium P-states reduced radial wave functions plotted together with used potential</title></caption><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x55.png"/></fig><fig id="fig3"  position="float"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig3">Figure 3</xref></label><caption><title> Bottomonium D-state reduced radial wave functions plotted together with used potential</title></caption><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x56.png"/></fig><table-wrap id="table1" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref></label><caption><title> Theoretical masses, the obtained <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and the values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> versus the bottomonium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> root mean square radius<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle"  rowspan="2"  >State</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="3"  >Theoretical masses, the obtained <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and the values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x62.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >Theoretical masses in Gev [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref11">11</xref>]</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x63.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>fm</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >Β</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1S) 1<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.393</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.01356</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.20835</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2S) 2<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.996</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.51449</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.74402</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.33</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.76849</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.622321</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.596</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.8494</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.564732</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1S) 1<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.458</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.0998</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.1136</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2S) 2<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.017</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.57986</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.725166</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (3S) 3<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.345</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.818</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.614251</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (4S) 4<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.607</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.88997</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.560047</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1P) 1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.936</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.11657</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.74703</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2P) 2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.272</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.42884</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.61867</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (3P) 3<sup>3</sup>P<sub>J</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.539</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.54044</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.561512</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1P) 1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.904</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.97379</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.801067</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2P) 2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.244</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.29457</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.643883</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1P) 1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.884</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.91249</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.781072</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2P) 2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.234</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.26412</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.662947</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1P) 1<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.92</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.04638</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.691082</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (2P) 2<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.258</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.36292</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.630798</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>3(1D) 1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>3</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.166</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.83842</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.65911</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >2<sup>3</sup>D<sub>3</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.443</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.03626</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.581035</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>2(1D) 1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.159</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.79207</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.67005</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >2<sup>3</sup>D<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.437</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.99236</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.587424</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1D) 1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.154</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.75709</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.678551</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >2<sup>3</sup>D<sub>1</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.432</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.95834</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.592472</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (1D) 1<sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.162</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.80738</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.666398</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >2<sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.439</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.00637</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.58537</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>and the radius for bottomonium and found that, with the exception of the 1S-state, the linear relation is also a good approximation for bottomonium. The relation between mass and radius in case of S-state, P-state and D-state are shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig4">Figure 4</xref>. Moreover, the mass-radius relation for bottomonium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> in case of P-state and D-state are shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig5">Figure 5</xref>. It is easily to behold that the S-state seems to be special as it is, in contrast to the other states. It worth noting that, a linear dependence of mass and radius might only be a good guess for states other than the S-state.</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Summary and Conclusion</title><p>Bottomium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is predicted by the standard model of particle physics but other models and techniques are required to calculate the particles’ properties. The bottomium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x85.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> meson spectroscopy is studied experimentally</p><fig id="fig4"  position="float"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig4">Figure 4</xref></label><caption><title> The relation between theoretical spectrum and root mean square <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x87.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of P and D bottomonium states</title></caption><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x86.png"/></fig><fig id="fig5"  position="float"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig5">Figure 5</xref></label><caption><title> The relation between theoretical spectrum and root mean square <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of S, P and D bottomonium states. The S-state data has not been included in fitting</title></caption><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x88.png"/></fig><p>according to PDG [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref27">27</xref>] . In this work we use the matrix Numerov’s method to obtain the radial wave functions of bottomonium meson to calculate the bottomonium <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> root mean square <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coefficient. As a remarkable result, we can point out that it is recommended to use the obtained values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> coefficient to calculate the decay widths and differential cross sections for bottomonium system. We indicate a high level of accuracy by comparing the results of decay width with available published results of decay width. Moreover, the matrix Numerov’s method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref11">11</xref>] is tested again to obtain some mesons properties. The obtained results are in good agreement with the published data [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.51903-ref28">28</xref>] . Then, the method could be safely used to solve SE. In addition, the relation between theoretical masses we obtained and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x95.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> values have been drawn. As pointed out previously, the fitted straight line reflects perfectly the dependence of mass and radius. Eventually, we may notice that the calculated values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x95.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/10-7501997x96.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and other parameters are the newer outputs where we didn’t find others for comparison. So, we are looking forward to take these data in consideration by other experimental or theoretical researchers.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.51903-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">The ATLAS Collaboration (2011) Physical Review Letters. arXiv:1112.5154v4 [hep-ex]</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Buchmuller, W. and Tye, S.H.H. (1981) Physical Review D, 24, 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.24.132</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref3"><label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Moxhay, P. and Rosner, J.L. (1983) Physical Review D, 28, 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.28.1132</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref4"><label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Godfrey, S. and Isgur, N. (1985) Physical Review D, 32, 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.32.189</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref5"><label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Gupta, S.N., Radford, S.F. and Repko, W.W. (1986) Physical Review D, 34, 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.34.201</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref6"><label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Fulcher, L.P. (1990) Physical Review D, 42, 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.42.2337Fulcher, L.P. (1991) Physical Review D, 44, 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.44.2079</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref7"><label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Iachello, F., Mukhopadhyay, N.C. and Zhang, L. (1991) Physics Letters B, 256, 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(91)91764-M</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref8"><label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Lucha, W., Schoberl, F.F. and Gromes, D. (1991) Physics Reports, 200, 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(91)90001-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref9"><label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Akbar, N., Masud, B. and Noor, S. (2011) European Physical Journal A, 47, 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2011-11124-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref10"><label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Pillai, M., Goglio, J. and Walker, T.G. (2012) American Journal of Physics, 80, 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4748813</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref11"><label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Yasser, A.M., Hassan, G.S. and Nahool, T.A. (2014) The International Journal of New Horizons in Physics, 2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref12"><label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Quigg, C. and Rosner, J.L. (1979) Physics Reports, 56, 167-235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(79)90095-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref13"><label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Gershtein, S.S., Kiselev, V.V., Likhoded, A.K. and Tkabladze, A.V. (1995) Physical Review D, 51, Article ID: 3613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.51.3613</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref14"><label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bhaghyesh, Vijaya Kumar, K.B. and Ma, Y.-L. (2012) International Journal of Modern Physics A, 27, Article ID: 1250011.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref15"><label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Simos, T.E. and Aguiar, J.V. (2001) Computers &amp; Chemistry, 25, 275-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0097-8485(00)00101-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref16"><label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Yang, S. (2007) International Journal of Numerical Analysis and Modeling, 4, 625.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref17"><label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Ixaru, L.G. and Rizea, M. (1980) Computer Physics Communications, 19, 23-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4655(80)90062-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref18"><label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Simos, T.E. (2006) Journal of Mathematical Chemistry, 40, 305-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10910-006-9170-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref19"><label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Pedram, P. and Vahabi, M. (2010) American Journal of Physics, 78, 839.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref20"><label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Patel, B. and Vinodkumar, P.C. (2009) Journal of Physics G, 36, Article ID: 035003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/3/035003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref21"><label>21</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Chaug, C.H., Qiao, C.F. and Wang, J.X. (1998) Physical Review D, 57, Article ID: 4035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4035</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref22"><label>22</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Lakhina, O. and Swanson, E.S. (2006) Physical Review D, 74, Article ID: 014012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.74.014012</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref23"><label>23</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Barnes, T., Godfrey, S. and Swanson, E.S. (2005) Physical Review D, 72, Article ID: 054026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.72.054026</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref24"><label>24</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Aly, A.A. (2012) Heavy Meson Spectra Non-Relativistic Quark Model. M.Sc. Thesis, South Valley University, Qena.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref25"><label>25</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Zolfagharpour, F. (2008) Nuclear Theory. arXiv:0802.1623 [nucl-th]</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref26"><label>26</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Wong, C.-Y. (2004) Physical Review C, 69, Article ID: 055202. arXiv:hep-ph/0311088</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref27"><label>27</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Beringer, J., et al., Particle Data Group (2012) Physical Review D, 86, Article ID: 010001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.86.010001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref28"><label>28</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Gupta, P. and Mehrotra, I. (2010) Nuclear Physics, 55, 548.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref29"><label>29</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Patel, B. and Vinodkumar, P.C. (2009) Journal of Physics G, 36, Article ID: 035003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/3/035003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.51903-ref30"><label>30</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Chaug, C.H., Qiao, C.F. and Wang, J.X. (1998) Physical Review D, 57, Article ID: 4035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4035</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>