<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied Mathematics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2152-7385</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/am.2014.510144</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AM-46525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE &amp; COMMUNICATIONS</subject><subject>ENGINEERING</subject><subject>PHYSICS &amp; MATHEMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>New Exact Traveling Wave Solutions for Some Coupled BBM Equations</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ye</surname><given-names>Zhao</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Qian</surname><given-names>Xu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Basic Courses, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>wzhaoye2002@tom.com(YZ)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>05</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>1508</fpage><lpage>1515</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>6</day>	<month>March</month>	<year>2014</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>6</day>	<month>April</month>	<year>2014</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>13</day>	<month>April</month>	<year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
	The present paper
deals with results of explicit traveling wave solutions for some coupled BBM
equations. By detailed computation and using the (<em>G </em>'/<em>G</em>)-expansion method, many traveling wave solutions
are given. These traveling waves are in the form of hyperbolic functions, the
trigonometric functions and the rational functions, which show the reliability
and efficiency of the used method.


	 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Traveling Waves</kwd><kwd> (&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt; '/&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;)-Expansion Method</kwd><kwd> Coupled BBM Equation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>The study of the traveling wave solutions for nonlinear PDEs plays an important role in the study of nonlinear physical phenomena. Therefore, finding explicit solutions of physics equations is an important and interesting subject. In this paper, we discuss the exact traveling wave solutions for the following nonlinear evolution equations which can be used to describe small-amplitude long waves on the surface of water in a channel.</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula751"><label>(1)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\591c41d5-a2b7-4a26-bec7-f2c12142c60c.png"/></disp-formula><p>Some previous works on the existence and orbital stability of bell-shaped solitary waves with zero and nonzero asymptotic value have been obtained in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref2">2</xref>] . Our interest in the present work is to seek many new</p><p>solutions for the coupled Equations (1). The method we used here is <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\d6d165d3-6e86-4981-8aef-248cbb058fb3.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-expansion method which is</p><p>proposed by Wang et al. in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref3">3</xref>] . This method assumed that the traveling wave solutions can be expressed by a</p><p>polynomial in<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\916b5e5c-ea66-4903-838e-767d5722dd77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\1b53cb82-6b21-4c76-b7de-3a4b99fd700c.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> satisfies the second-order ordinary differential equation</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\e7c05aae-87de-40e2-bb75-cead6021381c.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. The solutions obtained are expressed by hyperbolic functions, the trigonometric functions and the rational functions. We note that the solutions obtained in this paper extend the existence results in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref2">2</xref>] . Until now this method is widely used by many authors [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref4">4</xref>] -[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref7">7</xref>] , and exact solutions for a variety</p><p>of nonlinear equations are obtained. Especially, Akbar, Norhashidah and Zayed [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref6">6</xref>] proposed the extended <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\33a2b750-7497-4460-a6f1-fc3d8946666b.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>- expansion method in which the solutions are presented in the form<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\04ff4cec-f777-4ee1-aa51-49e46de35243.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Recently, Taha,</p><p>Noorani and Hashim [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref7">7</xref>] apply this method to provide closed-form traveling wave solutions of the generalized thin film equations and stand thin film equation, in which the related balance numbers are not the usual positive integers.</p><p>Since every nonlinear equation has its own physically significant rich structure, still much work has to be done. In this paper, we propose some new exact traveling wave solutions for Equations (1), and which stresses</p><p>its power of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\26e24454-6ff3-4838-965f-7e02007835c0.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-expansion method in handling nonlinear equations.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Exact Solutions for Equations (1)</title><p>Substituting the solution <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\bf726125-1f70-4d6a-974f-37d65ab04b44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> into (1), where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f28448f3-ac50-4a06-b1de-d062d368873b.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\67c18239-fe5e-44ef-b408-617e87235fa9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> represents the</p><p>wave speed, we obtain</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula752"><label>(2)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\807128ea-76bb-43d0-8a86-fd3bc648e747.png"/></disp-formula><p>Integrating the equations and the integration constants are chosen as zero, it can be converted to the ODEs</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula753"><label>(3)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\30cc62a7-2c1d-4721-a205-e0dbd7e093ec.png"/></disp-formula><p>Next, we apply the <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\2cf8f9d8-0ef9-40b2-a823-33f886e96d84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-expansion method to solve Equations (3). Firstly, considering the homogeneous</p><p>balance between the highest order derivative and the non-linear term, we suppose the solutions of (3) can be written in the form</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula754"><label>(4)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\48b9d629-2384-42e8-8ac2-7c33293c6a29.png"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\6ffcef83-305c-4309-bcf4-c55453cf18c4.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\32de06c7-a0c2-45db-a9c0-3c76e1715ff5.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> satisfies the second order linear ODE</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula755"><label>(5)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\86c03f19-6526-46f0-b80d-bf3f9e849439.png"/></disp-formula><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\7ae00cfc-e499-438f-9bf4-8621462fe58d.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\ce68d836-2c01-43be-96c0-122e8e036a5c.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are real constants. Using the general solutions of ODE (5), it is easy to obtain</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula756"><label>(6)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\ee80d1e8-11a1-4a3b-baee-18428d3163df.png"/></disp-formula><p>By Euqations (4) and (5) we derive</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula757"><label>(7)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\531c0dc6-4507-4a5c-b2b0-df0c9ae2c238.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula758"><label>(8)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\efd2a627-47d8-41df-930c-6d934a200d26.png"/></disp-formula><p>Substituting (4) (7) and (8) into (3), collecting all terms with the same powers of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\c46286d5-1093-4a31-a081-f3887f46f38a.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and setting each</p><p>coefficient to zero, we get two sets of algebraic equations for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\ad2b413e-9159-4a94-8009-7cad849cc3b6.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\49fd21dc-ef35-42d7-91b3-45f2c2d1d93d.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\b20f9dad-3295-49e2-b574-c32f1d714659.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula759"><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\97eeec10-12b4-49dd-b2a0-78fb097d19cf.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula760"><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\97eeec10-12b4-49dd-b2a0-78fb097d19cf.png"/></disp-formula><p>Solving the above algebraic equations yields eight groups of values of unknowns.</p><p>1.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\6b99c171-aad2-4ba3-9fad-184590fb6fa8.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (9)</p><p>2.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f0f3eb09-d3c7-40e6-a1fb-598a2658e94f.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (10)</p><p>3.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\59d7475b-f17d-403d-b73b-6ff4c34e6e53.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (11)</p><p>4.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\6445b74b-f146-488b-8f88-abf9952e2941.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (12)</p><p>5.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\902525c1-926e-47f9-85dc-33152963f2b9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (13)</p><p>6.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\5349c5bc-a06c-465d-b3b5-7ec6ccae96d9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (14)</p><p>7.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\74bd54ae-2e51-4650-8cf4-0051c78dd69f.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (15)</p><p>8.<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\cf37f234-ade0-41d4-a807-fa357a4138e6.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (16)</p><p>Substituting (9)-(16) into (5), using the expression (6), three types of traveling wave solutions of (1) are given as follows.</p><p>Case a. When<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\8cdcfd1b-50af-4d11-a5b9-96c1a5485ae7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula761"><label>(17)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f9e9f73a-b4f4-4d55-a6ec-bbfb847a9670.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula762"><label>(18)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\49dcc909-72f4-45b6-99d0-f15e4f643684.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula763"><label>(19)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f1db5341-7cf5-4a3d-8c39-9bc1070555cd.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula764"><label>(20)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\6ce3f21f-ed1f-4a2c-bfe7-393fd5068bd4.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula765"><label>(21)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\fa222aed-509f-480b-90e3-55b6e450205d.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula766"><label>(22)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\cf915d04-0d3c-470f-9f3f-806fe620340c.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula767"><label>(23)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f7458fb7-55d9-4d90-9a2e-6953dc4a1ea1.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula768"><label>(24)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\e4edd591-99cf-4f8d-b759-d9ff9bc840e3.png"/></disp-formula><p>Case b. When<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\10c3ee9e-e8f9-41b0-ac4b-d8be6c5af849.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula769"><label>(25)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\c988d578-d5b7-422a-b760-fcdcc49414de.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula770"><label>(26)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\3c0c7b8d-3e8e-4ca9-b83d-a547efb6ed53.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula771"><label>(27)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\db0292a0-7d56-40ff-9d5a-81f12bb65ac7.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula772"><label>(28)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\27d9ea11-5223-4f20-b15f-eaf5b46d51a8.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula773"><label>(29)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\79412fd6-b2b4-4f21-8200-4fe2c28f19c3.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula774"><label>(30)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\3b667ef8-a247-48d1-baf8-b3fd324c20c0.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula775"><label>(31)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\1e3af9fb-8166-4879-9faf-69e73c07aaa3.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula776"><label>(32)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\f1e55dc7-78e2-474c-8790-42e3022450ac.png"/></disp-formula><p>Case c. When<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\a84187b2-e348-4acf-9cf3-4f7c598927ea.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula777"><label>(33)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\efc6b816-396f-4db4-a4b6-e37c15114a8b.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula778"><label>(34)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\93ef0088-ceb6-411c-9615-37fb08faf8d3.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula779"><label>(35)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\46c62d12-c63f-4ba1-a871-d57edb10ee34.png"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.46525-formula780"><label>(36)</label><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\6143006e-4fb4-4baf-8901-eaecf66c798a.png"/></disp-formula><p>Remark If <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\e4b69f67-8c45-4797-a60d-c71e4a6eaa73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> or<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://file.scirp.org/Html/htmlimages\14-7402159x\e12e96a3-25a2-46da-8801-044f1c4fcd13.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the waves obtained in the form of (17)-(24) are just the waves given in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.46525-ref2">2</xref>] .</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>Research is supported by Science Foundation of the Education Commission of Beijing (No. KM201210017008, No. KZ201310028030), NSF of Beijing (1132003) and Youth foundation of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology (No. N10-04).</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.46525-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>CUI</surname><given-names> L.W. </given-names></name>,<name name-style="western"><surname> ZHAO</surname><given-names> Y. </given-names></name>,<etal>et al</etal>. 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