The present report describes a novel model of cancer. According to this model cancer is caused by a mechanism consisting of two toxic molecules. It is proposed that they impair the immune system. A new method is described that facilitates non-invasive analyses of these two molecules in cancer cell lines and tumors in vivo. These molecules create catalyzes, also in a test tube positioned outside the cell line or tumor. The result is analyzed and provides a description of the mechanism causing cancer.

Within medicine enzyme catalyzes is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction by the active site of a protein. However, the human organism, pathogens, molecules and chemical elements encompass a much larger range of different types of catalyzes. Catalyzes can create new molecules and where the catalyst is another molecule, compound or chemical element [1] . Molecules and chemical elements can act as catalysts where the catalytic reaction is reduction (destruction) of molecules [2] . Catalyzes is caused by radiated energy from molecules and chemical elements and generates reactions also at distance, similar to the electrons field [3] .

Recent development displays that many pathogens (e.g. bacteria, virus) as well as autoimmune diseases contain a generic part that consists of the molecules COF₂ and CS₂. This will be reported in separate studies.

An overwhelming body of evidence displays that relationship among certain bacteria and cancer exists [4] . Chronic gastritis induced by Helibacter pylori is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer [5] . An estimated 15% of all human cancers worldwide may be attributed to viruses [6] [7] . Several studies have shown that a history of autoimmune diseases increases the risk of cancer [8] , despite the fact that cancer and autoimmune diseases are fundamentally different pathological conditions [9] .

Numerous reports display that the molecule Fe₂O₃ increases cellular necrosis, increases the rate of apoptosis [10] and significantly inhibits cellular growth [11] . Fe₂O₃ is the active substance in Ferumoxytol [12] . Ferumoxytol is an FDA-approved therapeutic for the treatment of anemia. However, reports display that it also may be effective in treatment of various forms of cancer [13] [14] .

Cancer is caused, according to this model, by two molecules COF₂ and CS₂. Presence of COF₂ and CS₂ in cancer cell lines and tumors/metastases in vivo can be measured by their radiated frequency spectrum (using frequency spectrometry). However, they can also be measured using catalyzes and that is described below.

COF₂ acts as catalyst and where it creates CS₂ in cell lines and in tumors in vivo. CS₂ also acts as catalyst and where it creates COF₂ in cell lines and in tumors in vivo. Consequently, a small amount of COF₂ acts as catalyst and creates CS₂, which in its turn creates more COF₂ and which in its turn creates more CS₂. Hence, COF₂ or CS₂ generates a chain reaction that produces an increasing amount of COF₂ and CS₂. The molecule CS₂ is toxic and the molecule COF₂ is extremely toxic. It is proposed that long-term cell exposure to COF₂ and CS₂ may result in reduced apoptosis and uncontrolled cell growth, i.e. cancer.

COF₂ and CS₂ in a cell line or tumor also act as catalysts outside the cell line and outside the human body by means of their radiated energy [3] . A test tube was positioned outside the cell line or outside the body in the vicinity of the tumor. The test tube contained C (carbon), F (fluoride) and S (sulfur) dissolved in H₂O (water). The radiated energy from COF₂ acted as catalyst and created CS₂ in the test tube. The radiated energy from CS₂ acted as catalyst and created COF₂. Catalyzes of COF₂ and CS₂ in a test tube can be used as a cancer marker and where the method is non-invasive. Alternatively the test tube may contain only C, F and H₂O wherein only COF₂ was created. Alternatively the test tube may contain only C, S and H₂O wherein only CS₂ was created. Catalyzes in a test tube can be used as a method to analyze presence of COF₂ and CS₂ in cell lines or tumors.

COF₂ can be analyzed using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer), GC (Gas Chromatography) or GC/MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). CS₂ can be analyzed using GC or LC (Liquid Chromatography).

The following types of cancer have been analyzed and they all contain the molecules COF₂ and CS₂: brain cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, larynx cancer, leukemia, liver cancer, lung cancer, lymphatic cancer, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, testicular cancer and uterine cancer.

The following cancer cell lines have been analyzed and they contain the molecules COF₂ and CS₂: cellosaurus cell line Mutu-3, lymphoblastic cell line LCL and epithelial cell line HONE-1.

A novel model of cancer is presented. Cancer is created by a mechanism that contains two toxic molecules: COF₂ and CS₂. They have the ability to reproduce each other wherein a chain reaction occurs that produces vast amounts of COF₂ and CS₂. CS₂ is toxic and COF₂ is extremely toxic. It is proposed that they impair the immune system and where the result can be impaired apoptosis and uncontrolled cell growth, i.e. cancer.

Empiric results display that cancer cell lines and cancer tumors act as catalysts wherein they produce COF₂ and CS₂, also at a distance, i.e. in a test tube positioned outside the cell line or outside the body close to the tumor. Catalyzes of COF₂ and CS₂ can be used as cancer marker. The method can also be used in order to analyze content of cell lines and tumors, i.e. the cancer causing mechanism.

Reports display correlation between bacterial infections and cancer [5] [6] , between viral infections and cancer [7] [8] and between autoimmune diseases and cancer [9] [10] . Recent findings display that many pathogenic bacteria, virus and autoimmune diseases contain a generic part that consists of the molecules COF₂ and CS₂. These findings will be reported elsewhere. Cancer cannot occur on its own, i.e. without presence of COF₂ and/or CS₂. Presence of COF₂ and/or CS₂ is mandatory in order to start the chain reaction where the long-term result is production of vast amounts of COF₂ and CS₂. Many pathogenic bacteria and viruses as well as autoimmune diseases contain a generic mechanism that consists of the molecules COF₂ and CS₂. It is proposed that chronic bacterial, viral and autoimmune diseases may start catalyzes of COF₂ and CS₂ in the infected area. The result is, eventually, a chain reaction that produces vast amounts of COF₂ and CS₂ and, sometimes, subsequent cancer. Hence, bacterial, viral and autoimmune diseases can initiate a chain reaction where the result is cancer. They are not carcinogenic by their own.

Reports display that Fe₂O₃ in nanoparticles had a therapeutic effect on cancer cells in vitro and xenograft liver cancer in mice and where the result was increased inhibitory rate and ratio of apoptosis [11] . Another report describes the therapeutic mechanism of treating SMMC-7721 liver cancer cells using Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. It was shown that it could cause cellular necrosis, induce cellular apoptosis and significantly inhibit cellular growth, all of which appeared to be dependent on the concentration of the Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Fe₂O₃ is the active substance in Ferumoxytol [12] . Stanford researchers discovered that Ferumoxytol triggered the immune system to destroy tumor cells [13] . Another study suggests that Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles in Ferumoxytol could be applied “off label” to protect the liver from metastatic seeds and potentiate macrophage-modulating cancer immunotherapies [14] .

The above studies display a correlation between Fe₂O₃ and therapeutic effect on cancer and in particular the therapeutic effect of Ferumoxytol. The following is proposed. Fe₂O₃ acts as a catalyst where it reduces (destroys) the molecule COF₂ contained in cancer tumors and metastases. However, the molecule CS₂ is not destroyed. Destruction of (only) COF₂ inhibits further production of CS₂ and which limits toxic exposure in cancer tumors and metastases and where the result is increased cellular necrosis and apoptosis. This type of catalyzes can be demonstrated in the following experiment. A test tube containing COF₂ was positioned close to 10 grams of Fe₂O₃ during 15 minutes. Then the test tube was removed and its content of COF₂ was analyzed; the result was zero content of COF₂.

The overall conclusion is that it has been difficult to analyze the cause of cancer using state of the art technique. The present report displays a novel method. Molecules in cancer cell lines and tumors can be analyzed because they radiate energy that causes catalyzes outside the cell line and outside the body in a test tube wherein specific molecules are created (COF₂ and CS₂). These molecules can be analyzed using conventional measurement techniques such as FTIR, GC, GC-MS and LC. The conclusion is also that Fe₂O₃ reduces the molecule COF₂ and hence, Fe₂O₃ may have an important role in cancer therapy.

Giertz, H.W. (2018) A Novel Model of Cancer. Journal of Cancer Therapy, 9, 383-387. https://doi.org/10.4236/jct.2018.95034