The phyllite is the dominant rock types of Banswara manganese ores belt. The rocks of the argillaceous composition are represented by phyllites [20] . Megas- copically the associated phyllite rock of study area is fine-grained, light grey in color with various hardness and fissility. They contain minute garnet crystals. On the other hand, manganiferous fine-grained phyllite with various shades of grey, brown and red has also been reported. Dendritic pattern and crenulations are the prominent features seen by naked eye.

The rock is composed of fine-grained muscovite and chlorite as abundant minerals associated with enough amount of quartz. The garnet, magnetite, hematite, feldspar and opaque are accessory minerals. Muscovite laths showing non- pleochroic with moderate relief and low birefringence. At some places, chlorite grains are coalesced with each other indicating that they have suffered directed pressure under metamorphism. Chlorite shows its characteristic greenish pleochroism with low relief. The quartz grains are xenoblastic and show undulose extinction with the encrustation of manganese ores. Garnet crystals are in perfect rhombohedral shaped with several encrustation of opaque minerals (Figure 2(1)). The rock is ferruginous at places due to hematite. The mineral assemblages explain that phyllite is the siliceous type which is a common rock type in Lunavada and Kadana areas.

This rock shows the dominance of muscovite flakes along with chlorite. Quartz layers are sandwiched between muscovite and dark opaque mineral layer (Figure 2(3)). All minerals are parallel to foliation plane (Figure 2(3)). The quartz grain layer is parallel to the foliation plane and micaceous minerals. The inclusion of opaque minerals is hosted within quartz grains. Another thin section of rock is fine to medium grained exhibit schistose structure (Figure 2(4)). It is mainly composed lapidoblast of muscovite, biotite and coarse-grained quartz. Muscovite flakes uniformly cleaved with perfect preferred orientation and form the schistosity. The chlorite mineral is rare or absent. Quartz is usually xenoblastic to subhedral and shows undulose extinction.

The rock is rich in perfect lapidoblastic biotite grains set in the fine-grained micaceous matrix (Figure 2(5)). Biotite shows strong pleochroism (brown to yellow) with high relief. In plain polarized light biotite displays perfect cleavage in one direction. The mineral boundary relation of biotite with other minerals (Figure 2(5)) suggests that the biotite grains are formed at the later stage. Chlorite is characterized by light greenish color with weak birefringence. The rock is

also composed of xenoblastic medium grained quartz and uniformly cleaved muscovite flakes. The accessory minerals are feldspar, tourmaline and opaque ore minerals.

The rock is fine to medium grained, essentially composed of muscovite and chlorite as dominant mineral, with quartz, biotite, garnet, feldspar and opaques as accessory minerals. The chlorite mineral clearly showing its diagnostic green to brownish color with low relief in plane polarized light. Most of the chlorite occurs in lens-shaped form. The biotite alteration in chlorite clearly noticed in the lower part of section (Figure 2(6)). The quartz grains are xenoblastic with of micaceous and opaque minerals. The garnet crystals occurring in perfect rhombohedral shape with fracture filled with manganese ores and opaque inclusions.

In all rock samples, Mn ores associated with encrustation or in inclusion occur in various minerals. Beside this, Mn ores deposited along the boundaries of various minerals grains. Petrographic studies revealing mineral assemblages of different samples are listed in (Table 2). The two-theta position of different minerals has given in (Figures 3(7)-(9)).

The mica schist and phyllite are predominant rocks in the study area and form about 70% of the rocks of this belt, where only the top portion of this formation is mineralized [21] . Bedding, crenulation and foliation like features are commonly noticed at places. Intercalations of quartzite are common. Under the thin section, schist samples are medium to coarse grained and composed of quartz, muscovite, chlorite, biotite, garnet, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, opaques, fluorapatite and ore minerals. At some places, biotite occurs as large porphyroblast with rugged termination [22] . Quartz grain occurs in coarser and finer form. Garnet occurs as porphyroblast and in clusters. Schistose texture well defined by muscovite, chlorite and biotite flakes. The mineral assemblages of different samples are listed in (Table 3).

Garnetiferous-mica schist is medium-grained, showing clusters of garnet crystals and consists mainly of muscovite as a dominant mineral with quartz, biotite, chlorite, feldspar and opaque as accessory minerals. The microfolded manganese ores bands also occur (Figure 4(10)). The texture is medium grained and. The minerals muscovite and biotite shows the different generation of foliations [23] explained that garnetiferous biotite schist having minerals of more than one generation and two set of foliation S1 and S2 predominantly developed in the region lying south of Lunavada tract.

The encrustation of opaques within quartz, garnet and other minerals are common. Garnet is generally abundant constituents of this group of rocks. The garnet crystals are of perfect rhombohedral in shape (Figure 4(11)). The garnet crystal also found in embedded form over quartz at various places. XRD reveals the garnet crystals belong to Mg-Cr and Ca-Al-rich composition. Quartz grains encrusted with the inclusion of minute garnet and secondary quartz itself. Biotite and chlorite are brownish and greenish respectively.

Quartz-mica schist is composed of medium to coarse-grained quartz, and muscovite as essential minerals. The muscovite shows well developed schistose texture. The lamellaes of muscovite shows moderate relief with perfect one set cleavage. Under cross polar muscovite shows high birefringence. The quartz grains are

arranged parallel to muscovite and biotite lapidoblasts. The quartz grains show undulose extinction. The accessory minerals are biotite, chlorite, alkali feldspar, garnet and opaque minerals. The garnet rims are present with the encrustation of opaques in various minerals (Figure 4(12) and Figure 4(13)). Fluorapatite and tourmaline are also present.

Muscovite-chlorite schist is composed of dominant mineral as muscovite and chlorite with quartz, biotite, feldspar and opaques as accessory minerals. The muscovite and chlorite flakes uniformly oriented with the deposition of dark color minerals along with their boundaries (Figure 4(14)). Perfect elongated crystals of chlorite are showing moderate relief. Under cross polar chlorite shows low birefringence with first order interference color. Muscovite occurs as lapidoblasts with basal cleavage. Quartz is usually xenoblastic and highly fractured with some crystals show undulose extinction. The garnet crystals are rounded in shape and partially filled with opaque minerals. In another rock section, quartz grains arrange themselves parallel to foliation plane and sandwiched from both sides by mica minerals (Figure 4(15)). There is a marked gradation of quartz and micaceous minerals [24] . Mineral assemblages observed in schist are typical of greenschist to lower amphibolite facies.

Mn ore deposited along the minerals boundaries and in embedded form. And two theta position of various minerals has given in (Figures 5(16)-(18)).

The limestone samples were collected from Talwara village. Besides these deposits, there are numerous minor occurrences of limestones between Kalinjra and Pali Chhoti localities in Banswara district. Some of the limestone beds are effectively exposed in the west of Talwara and striking NNW-SSW.

The limestone is thick bedded and crystalline. The bedding of limestones is in conformity with phyllites and quartzites. Various irregular joints, fissures, cavernous pockets are characteristic features of limestone in Talwara. The manganese ores are distributed very irregularly in the limestone.

The petrographic studies reveal that mostly limestones are dolomitic in composition [25] but some ferruginous varieties are also noticed at places. Dolomitic limestone is composed of calcite, dolomite and some magnetite (Table 4). The rock is medium to coarse grained and shows mosaic structure (Figure 6(19)) [25] . Minor amount of quartz, tremolite, and minute flakes of biotite occur in impure varieties (Figure 6(20)). The ferruginous variety of limestone contains disseminations of hematite and limonite. The other impurities are in form of

chert, flint and iron-bearing minerals like hematite. Due to impurities, the colour of limestone changes from white to redbrick and greyish. The two-theta position of various minerals has given in (Figure 6(21)).

The quartzite outcrop extends over miles within the area from Gararia to Ratimauri with roughly NW-SE direction and contains thin bands of manganese ore. The quartzites are disposed conformably with the phyllite and are at times brecciated and later re-cemented by secondary chert and manganese [26] . The various samples of quartzite rocks collected at different places in the study area from Gararia to Ratimauri villages and near Talwara localities of Banswara district.

The different rock samples are composed predominantly of quartz with subordinate mica, feldspar, opaques and impurities of hematite (Figure 7(22)). Sericitization and calcareous materials also noticed in some thin sections (Figure 7(23)). Mostly they are compact and crystallised. The quartz grains are idioblastic to sub-idioblastic type. The rounded to subrounded shape of fragments may be due to mutual attrition during brecciation [27] . The petrographic study reveals that quartz grains are medium to coarse grained, low in relief and birefringence showing granoblastic texture (Figure 7(24) and Figure 7(25)). Feldspar like orthoclase and plagioclase show polysynthetic and lamellar twinning (Figure 7(24) and Figure 7(25)). Manganese ore is occasionally associated with orthoclase as small inclusions [28] . The quartz inclusion in larger grains of quartz shows optical homogeneity [29] . All fragments of quartzite thin sections

near Talwara village shows undulatory extinction and contain fractured filled with sericite. Quartz crystal shows straight grain boundaries with sharp extinction. According to [30] and [31] , the presence of serrated/sutured grain boundaries indicates that the rock underwent grain boundary migration recrystallization (GBMR). The mineral assemblage and two theta position of different samples of Quartzite rock is given in (Table 5) and (Figure 8(26) and Figure 8(27)) respectively.