In recent years, as the carrier of technology innovation and technology industrialization, science-technology small and medium-sized enterprises (STS-ME) make big contribution to transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the industrial structure optimization, the high and new technology development, innovation/entrepreneurship and increasing employment opportunities. STSME has become an important growth point of economic development. However, support policies for STSME also face many problems as policies and regulations and public service system is not perfect, poor financial ecological environment, the relative lack of scientific and technological personnel, to some extent, which hinders the development of STS-ME. Therefore, this article using policy text analysis method-through the extraction and analysis method of keyword network keywords to analyze policies which supports STSME in Hefei. According to the analysis results, we put forward policy recommendations.
Small and Medium Enterprises of Science and Technology Supporting Policies Social Network Analysis1. Introduction
With the process of global economic integration and the process of domestic supply side reform, the rapid development of STSME is becoming the main body to promote technological innovation and regional development. And so STSME plays an increasingly important role in adjusting industrial structure, promoting market prosperity and expanding social employment.
STSME are subordinate to small and medium-sized enterprises, which are small in scale and high in flexibility. They have strong ability of scientific and technological innovation, high R & D investment, strong enterprise growth ability and high risk and high yield, generally concentrated in the high-tech industries and strategic emerging industries in the field, once the product is recognized can bring huge gains and breakthroughs. Due to the different characteristics of STME and the different development needs of different stages of development, there are natural shortcomings in integrating internal resources and obtaining external resources. We must ensure that the technological innovation activities of enterprises are carried out smoothly by means of external forces such as government policy support. And there are many pain points in the existing support policies for STSME, such as there are some policies and regulations of the responsibility is not clear, operability is not strong, the protection of STSME is not enough, support measures cannot meet the real needs of enterprise development. We need to improve the existing policy support difficulties, and effectively for the development of STSME to provide policy help.
At present, the research on the policy of STSME at home and abroad mainly focuses on 1) Policy analysis and research, the US technology industry to promote policy analysis that the level of social education, R & D investment increased, the strengthening of production and research cooperation can promote the development of STSME (Merchant, 1997) [1] ; The results show that the supportive policies are effective in promoting the increase of the income of SME and the support policies of the SME in South Korea promote the financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, (Yoon, 2013) [2] . 2) the direction of the policy, that is, the US takes many measures to support STSME’s development, such as the financial and taxation support policy, the innovation service organization, the information consultation and the technical service intermediary, (Ma Ji & Wang Xinrui, 2009) [3] , and proposed that the STSME should establish a platform for cooperation with the network cooperation platform, (John Bessant, 2008) [4] . Taking Jiangsu Province as an example, this paper introduces the financial support policies of STSME in Jiangsu Province, which are divided into five categories, and focuses on the experience of Jiangsu province’s science and technology financial support policy, (Wu Fengju, 2015) [5] ; 3) policy analysis method, putting forward a small business promotion policy according to the different aspects of policy, which is similar to the whole process of life cycle evaluation method (Vega & Chiasson, 2015) [6] ; By simulating the path of formal finance and informal finance, it is found that the strengthening of policy incentives is beneficial to increase the innovation performance of enterprises (Fan Li, 2016) [7] .
According to current situation, the research mainly focuses on the experience of developed countries or the analysis of the support policies of STSME in coastal developed areas, and has less attention to policy support for STSME in underdeveloped areas. Second, the existing research is mainly based on qualitative analysis and lack of quantitative data analysis. Hefei, Anhui Province, is conducive to the development of STSME in the central, as a large province of innovation, the number of STSME increased year by year, significant economic benefits, research and development is active. As a research model of research, Hefei is very representative.
This paper uses the policy text analysis method, the keyword extraction and keyword network analysis mainly. There are four sections in full. In the first part, taking Hefei of Anhui Province as an example, this paper analyzes the sup- porting policies of STSME in Hefei, Anhui Province and depicting the STSME’s policy map. The second part makes a textual analysis on the relevant policies of Hefei in Anhui Province, and then points out the shortcomings in the third part. In the last part of this paper, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the relevant supporting policies in view of the existing problems of supporting policies, from the aspects of the adjustment of fiscal and taxation policies, the innovation of financing policy and the perfection of talent protection mechanism. This not only provides a scientific reference for the formulation of the follow-up policy of STSME in Hefei, Anhui Province, but also provides some reference for the research on the support policies of STSME in the western region, central region and other regions.
2. STSME Supporting Policies Combing of Hefei, Anhui Province
Since 2006, Hefei, Anhui Province, introduced a series of policies and regulations about small and medium-sized enterprises. In general, the number of these policies is on the rise, and the number of policies issued by the independent sector is greater than the number of policies developed jointly by the multisectoral sector. This chapter is the basis of this paper to sort out the support policies of small and medium-sized enterprises.
2.1. Policy Texts Selection
Policy text is an important form of government’s rational and effective expression of policy intent. Research policy text is an effective way to explore policy makers' expression of policy intent. This paper taking the period from 2006 to 2016 in Hefei, Anhui Province government departments involved in the introduction of STSME development policy text (including some of the policies in some of the policies involved in the development of SMEs) for the study. Through the government official website, portal, public documents and other channels to obtain the 26 policy text, and we select 20 policy text finally according to the principle of openness and authority-the authority channel, the principle of timeliness―January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2016, the principle of relevance―and science and technology “small and medium enterprises”, “small micro enterprises” and “private enterprises” And other topics related to the three principles.
2.2. An Overview of Policy Texts
1) The number of supporting policies showed a steady upward trend
In addition to 2009, STSME supporting policies are released every year from 2006 to 2016 in Hefei, the number of policies showed a steady upward trend and reaching its peskin 2015, as shown in Figure 1. This is closely related to the central and Anhui provinces, which pay more and more attention to STSME. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the State Council and the central ministries and commissions have issued “Opinions on Further Promoting the Innovation and Development of STSME”, “Opinions on Supporting the Healthy Development of SME” and “Interim Measures for the Administration of Special Funds for the Development of SME” And other series of policies to encourage and stimulate the development of STSME. At the same time, Anhui also introduced the “Opinions on Further Supporting the Development of SME”, “Notice on Printing and Distributing the Measures for the Administration of the Construction of Small Business Enterprises in Anhui Province” and other policies to support the development of small and medium enterprises. The promulgation of these policies stimulates the introduction of the corresponding city policy of Hefei.
2) Distribution of Policy Text Enacted Agencies
The introduction of policies are often associated with the relevant government departments to participate in, and now many departments to work together to designate a policy situation has gradually become a trend. According to Table 1, we can find that the supporting policies of STSME of Hefei in Anhui Province are mainly released by a single department, less number of departments jointly promulgated the policy, and Hefei City People’s Government of Anhui Province issued the largest number of STSME supporting policies., the number reached 8, which issued 7 independent, 1 with the Communist Party of China Hefei, Anhui Province jointly issued; Followed by the Hefei Municipal People’s Government Office, independently issued 5 support policies; Hefei, Anhui Province Economic and Information Technology Committee and the Hefei Finance Bureau issued 4 togetherr. In addition, the Communist Party of China Hefei, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province Science and Technology Bureau (Hefei City, Anhui Province Intellectual Property Office), Hefei, Anhui Province, financial office, the People’s Bank of China Hefei Center branch are involved in the release of SME supporting policy.
The Distribution of Supporting Policies for SESME in Hefei
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