<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JHEPGC</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2380-4327</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/jhepgc.2017.31009</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">JHEPGC-72867</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Examination of &lt;i&gt;h&lt;/i&gt;(&lt;i&gt;x&lt;/i&gt;) Real Field of Higgs Boson as Originating in Pre-Planckian Space-Time Early Universe
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Andrew</surname><given-names>Walcott Beckwith</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sub>1</sub></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Physics Department, College of Physics, Chongqing University Huxi Campus, Chongqing, China</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>rwill9955b@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>03</volume><issue>01</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>November</day>	<month>1,</month>	<year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>Accepted:</day>	<month>December</month>	<year>16,</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>December</day>	<month>20,</month>	<year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><html>
 <head></head>
 
  We initiate working with Peskin and Schroder’s quantum field theory (1995) write up of the Higgs boson, which has a scalar field write up for Phi , with 
  “
  lower part
  ”
   of the spinor having h(x) as a real field, with <img src="Edit_e3a8cf86-27fa-4df2-beb2-fdaf8c203402.bmp" alt="" /> 
  in spatial averaging. Our treatment is to look at the time component of this h(x) as a real field in Pre
  -
  Planckian
   space-time to Planckian Space-time evolution, in a unitarity gauge specified potential <img src="Edit_999d8e64-3a1c-41dc-9532-94f8c4be5073.bmp" alt="" />
  , using a 
   
  fluctuation evolution equation of the form <img src="Edit_ebbbbfd0-c9e6-47f1-a688-76cd664c4c9c.bmp" alt="" />
  which is in turn using <img src="Edit_dcac13c6-cef8-46f5-a926-04a0f52e2e53.bmp" alt="" /> 
  with this being a modified form of the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle in Pre-Planckian space-time. From here, we can identify the formation of <img src="Edit_55b4cd4f-98b3-4ac2-9b69-afe8a3a31128.bmp" alt="" />
   in the Planckian space-time regime. The inflaton is based upon Padmanabhan’s treatment of early universe models, in the case that the scale factor, <img src="Edit_ac2af332-bcba-4ead-8884-a1cedace82dd.bmp" alt="" /> 
  and t a time factor. The initial value of the scale factor is supposed to represent a quantum bounce, along the lines of Camara, de Garcia Maia, Carvalho, and Lima, (2004) as a non zero initial starting point for expansion of the universe, using the ideas of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). And from there isolating <img src="Edit_55bad74f-aaae-48b6-aadf-e0e395b85230.bmp" alt="" />
  .
 
</html></p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Inflaton Physics</kwd><kwd> Modified HUP</kwd><kwd> Higgs Boson</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>We begin this inquiry with a Higgs Boson scalar field along the lines of [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref1">1</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula456"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x9.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Here, the expression we wish to find is the change in the real field h(x) in time, whereas we have spatially</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula457"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x10.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Our supposition is to change, then the evolution of this real field as having an initial popup value in a time<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x11.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, such that</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula458"><label>(3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x12.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The potential field we will be working with, is assuming a unitary gauge for which</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula459"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x13.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The above, potential energy system, is defined as a minimum by having reference made to [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref1">1</xref>] Equation (4) as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula460"><label>(5)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x14.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>And the quantum of the Higgs field, will be ascertained by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref1">1</xref>] as having</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula461"><label>(6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x15.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Our abbreviation as to how the real valued Higgs field h(x) behaves is as follows</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula462"><label>(7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x16.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>With, if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x17.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the inflaton, as given by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref2">2</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref3">3</xref>] , part of the modified Heisenberg U.P., as in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref3">3</xref>] with <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x18.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>specified by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref3">3</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref4">4</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula463"><label>(8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x19.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The above eight equations will be what is used in terms of defining the change in the real Higgs field, h(x) in the subsequent work done in this paper. With the inflaton defined via [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref2">2</xref>] and the energy defined through [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref5">5</xref>] .</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula464"><label>(9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x20.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Analyzing Equation (7) and Equation (8) and Equation (9) to Ascertain Dh</title><p>We will be using by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref2">2</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula465"><label>(10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x21.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Note that the last line of Equation (10) is for the potential of the inflaton. We will be using, the first two lines for Equation (7), Equation (8) and Equation (9) in order to ascertain.</p><p>Leading to</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula466"><label>(11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x22.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Using the CRC abbreviation of the expansion of the Logarithm factor [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref6">6</xref>] , we have, with H.O.T. higher order terms</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula467"><label>(12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x23.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If we set coefficients in the above so that</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula468"><label>(13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x24.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then, Equation (11) takes the form</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula469"><label>(14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x25.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>To put it mildly, Equation (11) and Equation (14) are wildly nonlinear Equations for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. What we can do to though is comment upon the equation for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and also consider what if we consider</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula470"><label>(15)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x28.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Equation (14) and Equation (15) lead to a different dynamic as given as to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> which is commented upon below.</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. What If We Look at a Time Step Dt as Real Valued, Due to Dh?</title><p>In doing this we are examining Equation (14) as a way to isolate an equation in <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and to ascertain what inputs of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are effective in giving real value solutions to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>We will re write Equation (14) as follows, to get powers of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula471"><label>(16)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x34.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>To put it mildly, this will give cubic equation values for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and according to [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref6">6</xref>] only one of the three roots for this would avoid having complex time solutions for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Accordingly, we have come up with an approximation to the energy, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>which would be a potential way out of this problem.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Using Nonlinear Electrodynamics, for a Value of the DE</title><p>What we are doing is finding a way to avoid having cubic roots, and worse for the <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> values. To do this we will make the following approximation based upon [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref7">7</xref>] , namely consider the energy density from a nonlinear Magnetic field, i.e. in this case set the E (electric) field as zero, and then</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula472"><label>(17)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x40.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The scale factor <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>Here, we have that the Lagrangian defined by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref7">7</xref>]</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula473"><label>(18)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x42.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If so then the Equation (7) above, with this input into Equation (7) from Equation (17) will lead to using</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula474"><label>(19)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x43.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then going to put it together</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula475"><label>(20)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x44.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If the right hand side of Equation (20) is chosen to be a constant, it fixes a value for the initial magnetic field which in turn fixes <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> which in turn fixes a value for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Once this fixing of the term <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> occurs, we have then</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula476"><label>(21)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x48.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Equation (21) in terms of solving for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is tractable, in terms of numerical input, depending upon defacto finding a minimum value of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> which could be obtained by taking the derivative of both sides of Equation (21) to obtain</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula477"><label>(22)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x51.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It would then be a straightforward matter to take the quadratic equation for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula478"><label>(23)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x53.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>This is assuming that we find a special <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and an initial configuration of the magnetic field for which we can write</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72867-formula479"><label>(24)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/9-2180170x55.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Conclusion: Is NLED, Really That Important Here for h(x)?</title><p>Frankly the answer is that the author does not know. i.e. the idea is that NLED would enable the formation of Equation (24) which may be sufficient in the Pre-Planckian to Planckian regime to form Equation (23) which may be in initial configuration a first ever creation of the real valued Higgs field from Pre-Planckian space-time physics considerations.</p><p>Like many simple black board experiments, the frank answer is that the author does not know the answer, but finds that the above presented blackboard exercise intriguing and worth sharing with an audience.</p><p>The author hopes that additional extensions of this exercise may enable ties in with [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref8">8</xref>] below.</p><p>It is very important to note that in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref9">9</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref10">10</xref>] the foundations of nonlinear electrodynamics as outlined for cosmological implications for an initial scale factor less than zero is made a function of electromagnetic fields, and this will undoubtedly with additional study be in tandem with the inflaton physics details as outlined in this text.</p><p>Furthermore, in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72867-ref11">11</xref>] , there is a proof that NLED (nonlinear electrodynamics) also is vital for the purpose of black hole physics, to avoid singularities, as well.</p><p>We do, indeed, have ample reason to suppose that nonlinear electrodynamics also ties into the h(x) field given and this tie in is part of a general modus operandi we are referencing in this paper.</p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>This work is supported in part by National Nature Science Foundation of China grant No. 11375279.</p></sec><sec id="s7"><title>Cite this paper</title><p>Beckwith, A.W. (2017) Examination of h(x) Real Field of Higgs Boson as Originating in Pre-Planc- kian Space-Time Early Universe. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cos- mology, 3, 62-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jhepgc.2017.31009</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.72867-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Peskin, M. and Schroeder, D. (1995) An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory. Perseus Books, Cambridge, Massachusetts.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.72867-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="book" xlink:type="simple">Padmanabhan, T. (2005) Understanding Our Universe, Current Status and Open Issues. In: Ashatekar, A., Ed., 100 Years of Relativity, Space-Time Structure: Einstein and Beyond, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. 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