<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">OJS</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Open Journal of Statistics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2161-718X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/ojs.2016.66083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">OJS-72485</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Weibull-Bayesian Estimation Based on Maximum Ranked Set Sampling with Unequal Samples
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>B.</surname><given-names>S. Biradar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>B.</surname><given-names>K. Shivanna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Statistics, Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysuru, India</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Studies in Statistics, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India</addr-line></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>06</volume><issue>06</issue><fpage>1028</fpage><lpage>1036</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>September</day>	<month>20,</month>	<year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>Accepted:</day>	<month>November</month>	<year>26,</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>December</day>	<month>2,</month>	<year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  A modification of ranked set sampling (RSS) called maximum ranked set sampling with unequal sample (MRSSU) is considered for the Bayesian estimation of scale parameter α of the Weibull distribution. Under this method, we use Linex loss function, conjugate and Jeffreys prior distributions to derive the Bayesian estimate of α. In order to measure the efficiency of the obtained Bayesian estimates with respect to the Bayesian estimates of simple random sampling (SRS), we compute the bias, mean squared error (MSE) and asymptotic relative efficiency of the obtained Bayesian estimates using simulation. It is shown that the proposed estimates are found to be more efficient than the corresponding one based on SRS.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Bayesian Estimation</kwd><kwd> Loss Function</kwd><kwd> MRSSU</kwd><kwd> SRS</kwd><kwd> RSS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>In certain practical problems, actual measurements of a variable interest are costly or time-consuming, but the ranking items according to the variable is relatively easy with- out actual measurement. Under such circumstances McIntyre [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref1">1</xref>] proposed a sampling scheme called ranked-set sampling (RSS) which can be employed to gain more information than simple random sampling (SRS), while keeping the cost of, or the time constraint on, the sampling about the same. In RSS; one first draws <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x2.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> units at random from the population and partition them into m sets of m units. The m units in each set are ranked without making, an actual measurement. The first set of m units are ranked and the smallest is selected for actual quantification. From the second set of m units, the unit ranked and the second smallest is measured, and so on. This method of selection continues until the unit ranked largest is measured from the m-th set. If a large sample is required, then the procedure can be repeated r times to obtain a sample of size<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x3.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. These chosen elements are called ranked set sampling. The mathe- matical support and statistical theory was provided by Takahasi and Wakimoto [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref2">2</xref>] . Dell and Clutter [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref3">3</xref>] studied theoretical aspects of this technique on the assumption of perfect and imperfect judgment ranking. Shaibu and Muttlak [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref4">4</xref>] used median and extreme ranked set sampling method for estimating the parameters of normal, expo- nential and gamma distributions. Al-Omari et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref5">5</xref>] Used extreme ranked set sampling method to find the estimates of the population mean. Islam et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref6">6</xref>] Obtained the modified maximum likelihood estimator of location and scale parameters depend on selected ranked set sampling for normal distribution. Ibrahim and Syam [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref7">7</xref>] used stratified median ranked set sampling method for estimating the population mean.</p><p>Some research works have investigated ranked set sampling from a Bayesian point of view. Varian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref8">8</xref>] and Zellner [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref9">9</xref>] introduced Bayesian estimation by using asymmetric loss functions. Al-Saleh and Muttlak [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref10">10</xref>] obtained the Bayesian estimates of the exponential distribution. Ahmed [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref11">11</xref>] obtained the Bayesian estimators of log-normal distribution based on RSS and SRS using Bayes risk. Sadek et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref12">12</xref>] , and Sadek and Alharbi [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref13">13</xref>] used the asymmetric loss function to obtain the Bayesian estimate of the exponential and Weibull distributions respectively, based on SRS and RSS. Al-Hadhrami and Al-Omari [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref14">14</xref>] showed that the Bayesian estimation of the mean of normal distri- bution based on moving extreme ranked set sampling (MERSS) is more efficient than SRS. Hassan [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref15">15</xref>] obtained the maximum likelihood estimator and Bayesian estimates of shape and scale parameters of the exponentiated exponential distribution based on SRS and RSS. For more research work on Bayesian one may refer to Mohammadi and Pazira [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref16">16</xref>] , Ghafoori et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref17">17</xref>] , Said Ali Al-Hadhrami and Amer Ibrahim Al-Omari [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref18">18</xref>] , Mohie El-Din et al. [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref19">19</xref>] .</p><p>In this paper, we derive the Bayesian estimates of the Weibull scale parameter α based on gamma and Jeffreys prior distributions by MRSSU method proposed by Biradar and Santosha [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref20">20</xref>] . In Section 2, the preliminaries are discussed. The Bayesian estimates under SEL and LINEX loss functions of the parameter of Weibull distribution using SRS and MRSSU are presented in Section 3. Simulation results and Conclusions are presented in Section 4 and 5 respectively.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Preliminaries</title><p>Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x4.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be a sequence of independent and identically distributed (iid) random variables from a Weibull distribution with probability density function (pdf)</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula107"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x5.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>And cumulative distribution function (cdf)</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula108"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x6.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the scale parameter and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x8.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is shape parameter.</p><p>In order to derive, and to measure the performance of an estimator we use squared error, loss function (SEL) (see, Berger [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.72485-ref21">21</xref>] ) and Linex loss function.</p><p>The Linex loss function for the parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> can be expressed as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula109"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x10.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x11.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>; <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x12.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is an estimate of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x13.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and, c and d are shaped and scale parameters. The sign and magnitude of the shape parameter c indicate that the direction and degree of symmetry, respectively. When the value of c is zero, the Linex loss function is approximately squared error loss, when c is less than zero, the Linex loss function gives more weight to under-estimation against over-estimation, and it is reversed when c value is greater than zero. The conjugate prior for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x14.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x15.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is considered, whose pdf is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula110"><label>(3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x16.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x17.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. If<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x18.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> becomes the Jeffreys prior.</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Bayesian Estimates</title><p>In this section, we derive the Bayes estimates of the Weibull parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> based on simple random sampling and maximum ranked set sampling with unequal samples by assuming that the shape parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is known. In each case, we use both conjugate and non-informative prior for the scale parameter<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Also, we use the symmetric loss function (squared error loss) and asymmetric loss function (Linear-exponential, Linex) to derive the corresponding Bayesian estimates. And we denote <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> as posterior densities of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, given SRS(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>) and RSS(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>) respectively.</p><sec id="s3_1"><title>3.1. Bayesian Estimation Based on SRS</title><p>Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be a sequence of iid random variables, has the Weibull distribution with parameters (<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be the conjugate prior. In this case, the posterior density based on SRS is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula111"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x31.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Hence, the Bayesian estimation of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> depend on squared error loss (SEL) is</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>because the Bayes estimate with respect to SEL is the posterior mean then</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula112"><label>(5)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x34.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>While the Bayesian estimate of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> based on Linex loss function is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula113"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x36.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula114"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x37.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then,</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula115"><label>(6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x38.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s3_2"><title>3.2. Bayesian Estimation Based on MRSSU</title><p>Assume that the variable of interest X has density function <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and distribution function <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is known. Let<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>be m sets of random samples from X, and they are independent. Denote, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x43.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is taken from the first set, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is taken from the second set and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is taken from the last set, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be a one cycle MRSSU from X and all<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>’s are independent. In this study we assume that there is no error in ranking. The density of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> has the same density as the i<sup>th</sup> order statistic (maximum) of an SRS of size i from<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, i.e., <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>has the density</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula116"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x53.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Let MRSSU be drawn from Weibull distribution, then the density function of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula117"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x55.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Then the joint density of MRSSU in this case due to independence of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x56.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>’s is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula118"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x57.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Then the posterior density of α is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula119"><label>(7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x60.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The Bayes estimate of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> based on the squared error loss function is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula120"><label>(8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x62.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Next, in order to derive the Bayesian estimation of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x63.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> based on LINEX loss function, first we need to compute the posterior expectation of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x63.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> from Equation (7) as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula121"><label>(9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x65.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Now the Bayesian estimation of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> on LINEX is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula122"><label>(10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x67.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is as derived in Equation (9).</p></sec><sec id="s3_3"><title>3.3. Bayesian Estimation Based on Non-Informative Prior</title><p>The non-informative prior distribution of the parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is obtained from Equation</p><p>(3) and it is given by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Then, we obtain the Bayesian estimates of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>in this case as follows:</p><p>1) Simple Random Sample:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula123"><label>(11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x72.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula124"><label>(12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x73.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>2) Maximum ranked set sampling with unequal samples:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula125"><label>(13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x74.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula126"><label>(14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x75.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Simulation Results</title><p>To illustrate the performance of the derived Bayesian estimates of scale parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of the Weibull distribution with informative and non-informative prior based on SRS and MRSSU, we carry out the Monte Carlo simulations using R-Software version 3.1.1. We compute bias, mean squared error and relative efficiency of the estimators by assuming the shape parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is known. The numerical results obtained for fixed values of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, [<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and 1] and sample size m [3, 4 and 5] for 1000 runs. The bias of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU are presented in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="table" rid="table2">Table 2</xref>, and MSE of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU is presented in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table3">Table 3</xref> and <xref ref-type="table" rid="table4">Table 4</xref>.</p><table-wrap id="table1" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref></label><caption><title> Bias of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU. For <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (when<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x85.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x86.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x87.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >m</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >c</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2487</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1151</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3420</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1811</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1379</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0750</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2433</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1401</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4071</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1689</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5318</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2335</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1585</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0636</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2355</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1068</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0914</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0429</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1733</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0853</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2454</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0874</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3207</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1314</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1255</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0424</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1936</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0731</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0794</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−0.0538</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1481</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0231</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1831</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−0.0064</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2536</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0664</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table2" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table2">Table 2</xref></label><caption><title> Bias of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU. For <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (when<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Bias(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x95.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >m</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >c</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4975</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2302</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4778</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2781</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1369</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0853</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2209</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1484</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.8876</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4671</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.0272</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4803</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3171</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1271</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3422</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1700</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0883</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0493</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1626</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0954</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.7232</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2321</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.6499</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2657</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2510</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0848</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2939</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1190</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0864</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−0.1250</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1523</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−0.0088</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5139</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0508</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5115</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1397</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>The relative efficiency of the Bayesian estimates based on maximum ranked set sampling with unequal samples with respect to simple random sampling can be defined as follows</p><disp-formula id="scirp.72485-formula127"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x96.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>And are presented in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table5">Table 5</xref>.</p><table-wrap id="table3" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table3">Table 3</xref></label><caption><title> MSE of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU. For <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x97.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (when<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x97.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x98.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x97.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x98.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x99.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x97.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x98.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x99.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x100.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x101.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x102.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x103.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x104.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >m</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >c</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4193</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1147</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3899</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1357</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1849</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0800</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2179</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0980</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.0296</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1870</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.2535</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2015</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2850</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0555</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2470</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0651</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1389</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0450</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1524</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0528</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4709</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0712</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4577</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0823</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1584</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0304</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1696</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0355</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1004</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0387</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1170</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0505</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2593</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0615</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2823</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.0542</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table4" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table4">Table 4</xref></label><caption><title> MSE of the Bayesian estimates based on SRS and MRSSU. For <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> (when<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x106.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x106.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x107.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x106.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x107.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x108.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x109.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x110.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x111.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >MSE(<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x112.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>)</th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Jeffrey prior</td><td align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  >Gamma prior</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >m</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >c</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >SRS</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >MRSSU</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.6772</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4586</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.8381</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3874</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4288</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2397</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3299</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2208</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.9104</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.2337</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.8436</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.8687</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.1400</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2220</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5929</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2103</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3550</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1507</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2771</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1453</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.0419</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3914</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.7406</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3360</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.6337</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1215</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.4605</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1228</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2852</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1327</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2464</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.1168</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.6544</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3654</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.0991</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.2718</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table5" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table5">Table 5</xref></label><caption><title> Relative efficiency when <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x113.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x113.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x114.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x115.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-Jeffrey</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-Gamma</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ></th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-Jeffrey</th><th align="center" valign="middle"  colspan="2"  ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-Gamma</th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >m</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >c</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x123.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x124.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x125.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x126.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >3</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.6570</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.6570</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.8736</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.1630</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.3096</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.7889</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.2232</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.4942</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.5066</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.1696</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >6.2195</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.4246</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >4</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.1355</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.1355</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.7963</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.8197</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.0854</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.3558</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.8862</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.9076</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >6.6168</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >7.7715</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.5641</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.1806</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >5</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.2143</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.2143</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.7793</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >3.7483</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.7104</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.1492</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.3176</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.1088</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >−1</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >2.3269</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.5273</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >5.2070</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >4.0432</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Conclusions</title><p>We present Bayesian estimation based on SRS and MRSSU. The Weibull distribution is used as an application example to illustrate our results. We compute bias, MSE and relative efficiency of the derived Bayesian estimates and then make a comparison between SRS and MRSSU. Our observations of the results are stated in the following points:</p><p>1) From <xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="table" rid="table2">Table 2</xref>, first, we found that the Bayesian estimates of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x127.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are all biased. Next, we found that the Bayesian estimates based on Jeffreys prior are less biased than gamma prior. Also, we observed that the Bayesian estimates based on MRSSU are considerably less biased than SRS.</p><p>2) From <xref ref-type="table" rid="table3">Table 3</xref> and <xref ref-type="table" rid="table4">Table 4</xref>, it is observed that the mean squared error of all estimates decreases when sample size m increases. Next, we observed that the Bayesian estimates based on MRSSU have a much smaller mean squared error than the corresponding Bayesian estimates based on SRS in all cases considered.</p><p>3) From <xref ref-type="table" rid="table5">Table 5</xref>, we observe that the relative efficiency of the Bayesian estimator based on MRSSU w.r.t. SRS Bayesian estimators are greater than 1 and increases with m. Also, decreases in Linex function as m increases for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1240792x128.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Therefore, we conclude that the Bayesian estimates based on maximum ranked set sampling with unequal samples are more efficient than the corresponding Bayesian estimates of simple random sampling.</p><p>Finally, we conclude that the results of the simulation experiment showed that the Bayesian estimates based on maximum ranked set sampling with unequal samples are more efficient, when compared with the Bayesian estimates of simple random sampling.</p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>The authors would like to thank the referees for their helpful comments that have led to an improved paper.</p></sec><sec id="s7"><title>Cite this paper</title><p>Biradar, B.S. and Shivanna, B.K. (2016) Weibull-Bayesian Es- timation Based on Maximum Ranked Set Sampling with Unequal Samples. 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