In Early 20th century, John Dalton first hypothesized about Atoms being a fundamental particle in nature. According to him, atoms were solid balls which were indestructible. Then came Thompson with his electron model. After that his own pupil James Chadwick discovered nucleus also neutron. After the discovery of Nucleons, particle physics took a big jump. Till mid 20th it was thought that electrons are most fundamental particles but then Murray Gillman came up with QUARK model. Till the date, six flavors of quarks are discovered-up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom. Up, charm and top quark have integer charge of (+2/3) whereas down, strange and bottom have integer charge of (−1/3). All quarks have half integer spin. The Top quark is most recently discovered and is the largest in terms of relativistic mass at 175 GeV/c². The fundamental constituents of matter are Fermions. Leptons and quarks come under the category of Fermions. There are six flavors of Leptons-electron, muon, tau, electron neutrino, muon neutrino and tau neutrino. All Leptons have half integer spin. Electron, muon and tau have −1 charge spin. Each Lepton has its anti-particle and so do the quarks. Bosons are the Force carriers. The w(−, +) bosons Z bosons and Photons are Gauge Bosons whereas the famous Higgs boson is scalar boson. Graviton (a gravity force mediator) is also a boson but it is not yet discovered (perhaps due to very less interaction with matter).

In 1964, Dr peter Higgs postulated existence of a new type of particle which gives matter mass. Existence of Higgs Boson was confirmed on 4th July 2013 at CERNs LHC. It is because of Higgs field that particles acquire mass. The Higgs field is present in the entire universe as function symmetric field [10] . Higgs mechanism is essential in order to explain property of mass in Gauge Bosons. Higgs field is a SU(2) doublet pair and hence has 4 real components. All elementary particles are merely excited states (or quanta) of some field. This includes the Higgs boson, which is the quanta of the Higgs field, the photon, which is the quanta of the electromagnetic field, the electron, which is the quanta of the electron field, and so on [10] . All fields exist at all points in time and space. Some fields couple to the Higgs field. After a process called spontaneous symmetry breaking, the Higgs field is separated into two parts. The first part remains a dynamic field, and its quanta are the Higgs bosons. The second part is a constant (called the vacuum expectation value), and the equations that describe the coupling of the Higgs field to other fields become equations that describe the other fields coupling (quadratically) to themselves, which in quantum field theory is interpreted as giving mass to a field. The vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field is therefore proportional to the mass of each field. The vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field is just the value that we would “expect” it to have when it is in its vacuum state, which is the state of lowest energy. It turns out that it is a general law of nature that physical systems always “want” to be in the state of lowest possible energy. The allowed values for the energy are determined by the system’s potential energy function. In the case of the Higgs field, the potential function looks (more or less) like Mexican hat topology discussed above [11] . Interaction terms that look like this:

is the Higgs field. and are the fields of some particle and its antiparticle. For example, an electron and a positron. g is just a number, called the coupling constant, which determines how strong the interaction is between the three fields (electron, positron and Higgs). Higgs mechanism can be induced in isotropic manifold as isometry of which fixes a point (coupling constant) is discrete and is preserved. In order to induce Higgs mechanism in an isotropic Hilbert manifold, it is essential for scalar fields to interact with Dirac fields of type This interaction is described as: The action for a meson field interacting with a Dirac baryon field is

where the integration is performed over d dimensions (typically 4 for four-dimensional space time). The meson Lagrangian is given by:

Here, is a self-interaction term. For a free-field massive meson, one would

have where is the mass of meson. The Yukawa interaction term is:

where g is the (real) coupling constant for scalar mesons and for pseudo scalar mesons. Putting it all together one can write the above more explicitly as:

In order to manifest, Higgs field requires spontaneous symmetry breaking which is given by Majorana field Lagrangian. It is also possible to have a Yukawa interaction between a scalar and a Majorana field [12] . The Yukawa interaction involves a scalar and a Dirac spinor which can be thought of as a Yukawa interaction involving a scalar with two Majorana spinors of the same mass as fields exhibit similar geodesics [13] . Broken out in terms of the two chiral Majorana spinors, one has

where g is a complex coupling constant and m is a complex number. The Yukawa interaction of a Fermion field and Higgs field is given as:

The quantities are the Dirac matrices, and is Yukawa coupling protocol. The mass-generation follows the existence of a finite expectation value, as seen in Majorana fermion interaction. Again, this is crucial for the existence of the property “mass”. As we can see from earlier, Meson field and Higgs field exhibit similar coupling properties. In Abelian Higgs mechanism, scalar field experiences Gauge Invariance i.e. certain gauge transformation does not change energy levels [14] . The Mexican-Hat model very well explains Abelian-Higgs mechanism. The only renormalizable model where a complex scalar field acquires a nonzero value is the Mexican-hat model, where the field energy has a minimum away from zero. The action for this model is:

which results in the Hamiltonian:

where shows kinetic energy of Higgs field. From above equation we can deduce

the mass exhibited by Higgs field:

where is Dirac-Debroglie matter operator and V is the SMV-operator which is a derivative of Ricci Curvature Tensor.

Two Particles are said to be in coupled state when quantum interaction affect both instantaneously at quantum distances. They also undergo changes in quantum states almost instantaneously (almost being the operative word). We can explain changed states as follows:

Quantum relativity is like quantum coupling but different in the sense that it also takes dimensionality into consideration. This way, a particle could certainly propagate through space but also a higher dimension as well. Assuming a particle at position p₁ in space, at time of its decay it is at position p₂. Today’s physics is unable to explain why does the particle propagate the way it does in sub-space topologies? In order to tackle these problems and problems with higher magnitudes, we need to draw a link between the motion of particles and there dimensionalities. By these we can even predict Einstein- Rosen bridge [15] , get more understanding as on dark matter and dark energy, also may be predict existence of a new particle.

Chirality in Quantum physics refers gradual difference in properties between fermions and bosons depending on its spin, charge etc. Generally speaking, universe has a preference for left-handed chiral interactions but this does violate the symmetry laws of nature. So there has to be a symmetry maintained if we are to avoid the cp violation. Here comes the quantum approach of symmetry. Talking about Chiral symmetry, Vector gauge theories with mass less Dirac Fermion fields exhibit chiral symmetry, i.e., rotating the left-handed and the right-handed components independently makes no difference to the theory. We can write this as the action of rotation on the fields:

with N flavors, we have unitary rotations instead:. Assuming 2 mass less quarks x and y,

Now considering Left and right isomorphic spinors

where the Gluon field converges. Redefining Left and right anti symmetric chirality:

Let, be partial variables for left and right Fermion operator. Here

is Relativistic proportional operator.

This briefly implies that chirality depends on how it is observed or from where it is observed. For instance to relate chirality and position with respect to time of two particles u and d:

From above it can be noted that chirality of particles u and d (taken in the example) differ from chirality observed when at steady state and in motion. It has uncertainty of +2.56 percent. The parity symmetry or in this case anti-symmetry depends on the relativistic proportional operator.

Quantum Field theory is like a frame work of particles and super particles and also their interactions. It is a mathematical extension of Quantum mechanics. Here every interacting particle is looked upon as interaction of field. Though QFT is promising preposition for standard model completion, it lacks some Kahler geometry due to which gravitons cannot be treated as canonical formalisms of QFT. Properties of gravitons can be predicted by deriving its converging fields in Hilbert space or d-dimensional anti desitter space. We will be using function of stress energy tensor with Hilbert Poyla expansion statistics to determine the exact outcome of properties of Gravitons.

Now then, taking stress energy tensor and introducing matrix formulation,

so, rearranging the terms and comparing them:

The factors are one-form gradients of the scalar coordinate fields. The metric is thus a linear combination of tensor products of one-form gradients of coordinates. The coefficients are a set of 16 real-valued functions (since the tensor g is actually a tensor field, which is defined at all points of a space time manifold). In order for the metric to be symmetric we must have

As the Lagrangian is nth dimensional gradient of the field, the delta function has no real value and can be therefore eliminated,

By using Quantum relativity, we can derive the following conclusion:

S, is a functional of the dependent variables with their derivatives and s itself. where denotes the set of n independent variables of the system, indexed by Notice L is used in the case of one independent variable (t) and is used in the case of multiple independent variables (usually four: x, y, z, t).

Let be spatial matter operator () in 4 dimensional space time. Four dimensions are considered as a result of Kaluza Klein manifolds exerted by d-dimensional de-sitter space in n = 11 string theory. Moreover time is a radical component of space time and thus gravity too.

This conclusively proves Gravitons (assuming gravitons are 1 dimensional entity but can traverse through all 4 dimensions) have some rest mass:

Axiomatically speaking, Graviton and Gravitino being super partners of each other interact with each other. Since as proved earlier that Gravitons posses some mass, we can imply Relativistic Dirac-Schrodinger equation to interact with Rarita-Schwinger equation:

is the Levi-Civita symbol, and are Dirac matrices, is the mass,

, and is a vector spinor with additional components compared to

the four component spinor in the Dirac equation. Interaction produces an auxiliary field. Thus it follows Hubbard Stratonovich transformation. This aux field particle could be a new type of Trion as it posses 3/2 lie spin. Let it be called G-boson. Lagrangian can be derived as:

Here is the a^th contra variant components of the resultant force acting on the particle, are the Christoffel symbols of the second kind. The kinetic energy of particles can be derived as:

is the covariant components of the metric tensor of the hyperbolic coordinate system. All indices each take the values 1, 2, 3. Hyperbolic coordinates are not the same as generalized coordinates.

Various cosmological models state existence of dark energy as apparent reason for expansion of universe [16] . The Lambda-CDM model is prominent in relating special relativity and inflationary cosmology. It is a parameterization of the Big Bang cosmological model in which the universe contains a cosmological constant, denoted by Lambda (Greek), associated with dark energy, and cold dark matter (abbreviated CDM). It is frequently referred to as the standard model of Big Bang cosmology. The other favorable model is the CHGS model. The Callan Giddings Harvey Strominger model or CGHS in short is a toy model of general relativity in 1 spatial and 1 time dimension. General relativity is a highly nonlinear model, and as such, its 3 + 1D version is usually too complicated to analyze in detail. In 3 + 1D and higher, propagating gravitational waves exist, but not in 2 + 1D or 1 + 1D. In 2 + 1D, general relativity becomes a topological field theory with no local degrees of freedom, and all 1 + 1D models are locally flat. These models even though explain other cataclysmic phenomena, they are more than useless to tamper with dark energy. Point to be noted is that Lamda-CDM model tries to explain Dark energy by virtue of Chameleon particle, a hypothetical scalar particle that couples to matter more weakly than gravity. By applying Quantum relativity, dark energy can be explained as follows: Assuming the following things:

1) Space is 5D i.e. 4 spatial dimensions + 1D time.

2) All particles are invariant under gravity.

3) Universe is expanding BUT has boundaries.

4) Dark energy exists.

There is supposedly a particle, randomly placed in spatial dimensions. It obeys Quantum chaotic distribution and is in highly excited state. Let the initial position of particle be P₁ and final be P₂. By using QR (quantum relativity),

This is condensing phasor equation for initial position of particle and its divergence with respect to final position. Here, is canonical formalism of Dark energy spread uniformly through five dimensions, is time coordinate at beginning of expansion of universe. Now after effect of dark energy on the particle,

Here, is the position of particle at instant before dark energy acts on it, is the position of particle at instant after dark energy acts on it. For that particular instant of time, the particle exists at initial as well as final position simultaneously and in initial state and excited state simultaneously before finally showing presence at p₂ in initial quantum state. This can also mean that at that particular instant of time, the particle temporarily decays into 2 particles before finally becoming a single again. Derivating for that particular time instant:

The Banach-Tarski paradox is a theorem in set-theoretic geometry [17] , which states the following: Given a solid ball in 3 dimensional space, there exists a decomposition of the ball into a finite number of disjoint subsets, which can then be put back together in a different way to yield two identical copies of the original ball. Indeed, the reassembly process involves only moving the pieces around and rotating them, without changing their shape. However, the pieces themselves are not “solids” in the usual sense, but infinite scatterings of points. It is yet unproven hypothesis. Using condensing phasor equation:

Here, is the breaking force for an idealized sphere [18] . The above relation specifies the quantum superposition of n number of particles condensed to one instant before breaking and split into infinite number of particles and grouping together to form infinite number of idealised spheres. This is non-algebraic proof of Banach-Tarski theorem by Quantum relativity.