<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">OJDM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2161-7635</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/ojdm.2016.63016</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">OJDM-68524</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Note on Cyclically Interval Edge Colorings of Simple Cycles
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nannan</surname><given-names>Wang</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yongqiang</surname><given-names>Zhao</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Institute of Applied Mathematics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>School of Mathematics and Information Science, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, China</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>yqzhao1970@yahoo.com(YZ)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>06</volume><issue>03</issue><fpage>180</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day>	<month>March</month>	<year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>accepted</day>	<month>15</month>	<year>July</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>18</day>	<month>July</month>	<year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p><html>
 <head></head>
 
  A proper edge 
  <em>t</em>-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of its edges with colors  1, 2,..., 
  <em>t</em>, such that all colors are used, and no two adjacent edges receive the same color. A cyclically interval 
  <em>t</em>-coloring of a graph G is a proper edge 
  <em>t</em>-coloring of G such that for each vertex
  <img src="Edit_072f918e-8152-4568-b36c-d45c373f068e.bmp" alt="" />, either the set of colors used on edges incident to 
  <em>x</em> or the set of colors not used on edges incident to 
  <em>x</em> forms an interval of integers. In this paper, we provide a new proof of the result on the colors in cyclically interval edge colorings of simple cycles which was first proved by Rafayel R. Kamalian in the paper “On a Number of Colors in Cyclically Interval Edge Colorings of Simple Cycles, 
  <em>Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics</em>, 2013, 43-48”.
 
</html></p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Edge Coloring</kwd><kwd> Interval Edge Coloring</kwd><kwd> Cyclically Interval Edge Coloring</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>All graphs considered in this paper are finite undirected simple graphs. For a graph G, let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x10.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> denote the sets of vertices and edges of G, respectively. For a vertex<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x11.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x12.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x13.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> denote the subset of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x14.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> incident with the vertex x, and the degree of the vertex x in G, respectively. We denote <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x15.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the maximum degree of vertices of G. A simple path with <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x16.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> edges is denoted by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x17.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. A simple cycle with <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x18.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> edges is denoted by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x19.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>For an arbitrary finite set A, we denote by <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the number of elements of A. The set of positive integers is denoted by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. An arbitrary nonempty subset of consecutive integers is called an interval. An interval with the minimum element p and the maximum element q is denoted by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. We denote <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the sets of even and odd integers in<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, respectively. An interval D is called a h-interval if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x23.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x24.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x25.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x26.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>A function <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is called a proper edge t-coloring of a graph G, if all colors are used, and no two adjacent edges receive the same color. The minimum value of t for which there exists a proper edge t-coloring of a graph G is denoted by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. If<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a proper edge t-coloring of a graph G, then let<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. A proper edge t-coloring <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> of a graph G is called an interval t-coloring of G if for any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the set <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-interval. A graph G is interval colorable if it has an interval t-coloring for some positive integer t. The concept of interval edge coloring of graphs was introduced by Asratian and Kamalian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref1">1</xref>] . In [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref1">1</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref2">2</xref>] , the authors showed that if G is interval colorable, then<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x27.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>For any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, we denote by <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the set of graphs for which there exists an interval t-coloring. Let</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. For any graph<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the minimum and the maximum values of t for which G has an interval</p><p>t-coloring are denoted by <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, respectively. For a graph<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x43.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x43.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>A proper edge t-coloring a of a graph G is called a interval cyclic t-coloring of G, if for any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, at least one of the following two conditions holds:</p><p>1) <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is a <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-interval,</p><p>2) <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is a <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-interval.</p><p>A graph G is interval cyclically colorable if it has a cyclically interval t-coloring for some positive integer t. This type of edge coloring under the name of “p-coloring” was first considered by Kotzig [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref3">3</xref>] , and the concept of cyclically interval edge coloring of graphs was explicitly introduced by de Werra and Solot [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref4">4</xref>] .</p><p>For any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, we denote by <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x51.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the set of graphs for which there exists a interval cyclic t-coloring. Let</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. For any graph<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x52.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x53.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the minimum and the maximum values of t for which G has a cyclically</p><p>interval t-coloring are denoted by <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> respectively. For a graph<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x56.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>It is clear that for any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Note that for an arbitrary graph G,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. It is also clear that for any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x62.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the following inequality is true:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula654"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x63.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Let T be a tree. Kamalian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref5">5</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref6">6</xref>] showed that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>was an interval, and provided the exact values of the parameters <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Kamalian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref7">7</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref8">8</xref>] also proved that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Some interesting results on cyclically interval t-colorings and related topics were obtained in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref3">3</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref4">4</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref9">9</xref>] - [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref14">14</xref>] . For any integer<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, Kamalian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref13">13</xref>] proved that<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, determined the set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and provided the following theorem.</p><p>Theorem 1 (R. R. Kamalian [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref13">13</xref>] ) For any integers <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x72.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x73.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>if and only if</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula655"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x75.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>In this paper, we provide a new proof of the theorem. The terms and concepts that we do not define can be found in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.68524-ref15">15</xref>] .</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Main Result</title><p>Proof of Theorem 1. Suppose that, in clockwise order along the cycle<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the vertices of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and the edges of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x78.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x79.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x80.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula656"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x85.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>We know that if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x86.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> or</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula657"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x87.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>then<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>First we prove that if <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula658"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x90.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>then<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Case 1. n is odd.</p><p>For any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula659"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x93.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It is easy to check that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval t-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x95.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Case 2. n is even.</p><p>For any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x96.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula660"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x97.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>If <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x98.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is odd, then let</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula661"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x99.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>For any<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x100.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, let</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula662"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x101.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It is easy to check that, in each case, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x102.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is a cyclically interval t-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x102.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x103.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Now let us prove that if<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x104.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x104.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x104.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x106.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula663"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x107.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>By contradiction. Suppose that there are<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x108.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x108.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x109.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x108.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x109.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x110.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.68524-formula664"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x111.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>such that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x112.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> has a cyclically interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x112.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x113.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x112.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x113.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x114.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Case 1. <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x115.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is odd.</p><p>Clearly,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be two edges of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> such that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Without loss of generality, we may assume<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x123.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be the subgraph induced by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x123.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x124.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x123.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x124.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x125.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>be the subgraph induced by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x126.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, respectively. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x126.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x127.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is even and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x126.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x127.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x128.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x129.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x129.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x130.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x129.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x130.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x131.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x129.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x130.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x131.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x132.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are all even. So we have that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x129.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x130.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x131.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x132.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x133.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is even, a contradiction.</p><p>Case 2. <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x134.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is even.</p><p>Let H be the graph removing from the graph <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x135.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the edges with the colors except 1 and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x135.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x136.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x135.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x136.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x137.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> the graph removing from the graph H all its isolated vertices.</p><p>Case 2.1. <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x138.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is connected.</p><p>Let F be the subgraph of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x139.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> induced by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x139.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x140.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x139.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x140.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x141.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x139.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x140.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x141.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x142.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are the two pendant edges of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x139.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x140.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x141.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x142.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x143.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Clearly,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x144.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. If <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x144.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x145.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is odd, then<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x144.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x145.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x146.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x144.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x145.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x146.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x147.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x144.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x145.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x146.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x147.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x148.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-</p><p>coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x149.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x149.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x150.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x149.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x150.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x151.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring with<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x149.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x150.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x151.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x152.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. So we have</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x153.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, a contradiction.</p><p>If <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is even, then<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x158.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x158.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x159.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x158.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x159.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x160.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring. So we know that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x158.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x159.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x160.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x161.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is odd, and then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x154.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x155.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x156.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x157.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x158.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x159.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x160.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x161.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x162.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is odd, a con- tradiction.</p><p>Case 2.2. <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x163.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is a graph with m connected components,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x163.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x164.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Suppose that, in clockwise order along the cycle<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x165.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the m connected components of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x165.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x166.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x165.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x166.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x167.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Without loss of generality, we may also assume that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x165.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x166.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x167.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x168.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x165.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x166.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x167.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x168.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x169.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>Clearly, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x170.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x170.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x171.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Let<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x170.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x171.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x172.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x173.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x173.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x174.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x173.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x174.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x175.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> be the subgraph induced by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x173.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x174.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x175.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x176.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><p>and L<sub>4</sub> be the subgraph induced by<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x177.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, respectively. Let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x177.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x178.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> or<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x177.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x178.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x179.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>,</p><p>say<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x181.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x181.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x182.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x181.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x182.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x183.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x181.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x182.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x183.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x184.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x180.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x181.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x182.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x183.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x184.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x185.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-</p><p>coloring with<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x186.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. So we have<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x186.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x187.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, a contradiction.</p><p>Now let <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x188.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x188.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x189.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Since <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x188.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x189.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x190.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is a cyclically interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x188.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x189.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x190.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x191.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring of<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x188.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x189.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x190.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x191.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x192.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then</p><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x193.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x193.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x194.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are all interval <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x193.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x194.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x195.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-coloring. So we have<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x193.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x194.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x195.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/5-1200285x196.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, a con-</p><p>tradiction. □</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>We thank the editor and the referee for their valuable comments. Research of Y. Zhao is funded in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China under Grant No. A2015106045, and in part by the Institute of Applied Mathematics of Shijiazhuang University.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>Cite this paper</title><p>Nannan Wang,Yongqiang Zhao, (2016) Note on Cyclically Interval Edge Colorings of Simple Cycles. Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics,06,180-184. doi: 10.4236/ojdm.2016.63016</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>NOTES</title></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.68524-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Asratian, A.S. and Kamalian, R.R. (1987) Interval Colorings of Edges of a Multigraph. Applied Mathematics, 5, 25-34. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.68524-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Asratian, A.S. and Kamalian, R.R. (1994) Investigation on Interval Edge-Colorings of Graphs. 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