Objective: The study aimed to investigate the complement C1q test results of HIV/AIDS patients in clinical application before and after treatments. Methods: We collected HIV/AIDS patients’ serum specimens storing at -80 centigrade freezer in cryogenic refrigerator for standby. After samples quantity met the requirements of selected cases unified, complement C1q was detected by immune transmission turbidity method, and compared the differences in complement C1q of HIV/AIDS patients in test results before and after treatment. In the collection of 96 cases selected samples, concentration of complement C1q was 157.95 ± 31.46 mg/L before treatment, while after treatment, it was 147.26 ± 28.76 mg/L. Comparing the results before and after treatment, t = 2.45726, P = 0.01049, the difference was statistically significant. Concentration of complement C1q increased after treatment with 33 cases. There were 63 cases reducing. Through statistical analysis on the data from the number of reducing and increasing cases, chi-square = 18.75, P = 0.00356, the difference was statistically significant. Complement C1q detection in the treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS had an important clinical significance in the process. The analysis of the concentration changes before and after treatment was clinically significant for drug selection and monitoring disease progression and curative effects, which would be worth further researching.
The changes of serum complement C1q concentration mainly reflect nephropathy immune complex diseases, such as lupus nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, etc. The complement C1q concentration levels decrease when kidney disease and immune complex disease is in the acute and active stage. While it’s in the remission and recovery stage, complement C1q concentration levels become high [
We selected 96 patients with HIV/AIDS in Guangxi AIDS patients clinical treatment center from September to July in 2011. Among those objectives, there were 69 and 27 cases of male and female separately, whose ages are between 22 to 82. The average age is 41.87, more or less 1.372 years old. Objectives who saw doctors for the first time without any treatment and they had a second examination after six months treatment.
Limos is vein blood sample of 3 ml were collected from cases before and after treatment. After separated, they were stored at −80 centigrade freezer in cryogenic refrigerator for standby. As soon as the samples quantity met the requirements of selected cases unified, complement C1q was detected by immune transmission turbidity method, and compared the differences in complement C1q of HIV/AIDS patients in test results before and after treatment.
This study obtained support and approval from Guangxi Association of STD and AIDS prevention (NO. 49852135-5). During this research, we protected patients’ privacy. If not, the related research studies were approved by Guangxi Association of STD and AIDS prevention and those patients’ approval.
Instrumentation: Automatic biochemical analyzer is Germany Roche PPE800. Reagents: complement C1q detection kits were provided by Shanghai Beijia Biochemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Reagent lot is 14021201 and production date is February 12, 2014. They remain valid until February 11, 2015.
It’s between 159 mg/L ~ 233 mg/L.
The calibration is required in each test and it needed to be re-scaled in different reagent lots. Before testing, we carried out quality control every day. If it passed the requirement of quality control, the samples could be tested. According to the requirement of instrumentation, reagent and sample consumption may be changed in proportion.
In order to avoid repeating to pour reagents in and out container, we used them according to their actual dosage levels. Screw the cover tightly for preservation in refrigerator after use.
Statistic process software Graph Pad Prism 5.0 was used to analyze statistically. The comparison of technical data was tested by chi-square. Data are analyzed by t inspection and χ2 inspection and results showed with the average X ± S. Take P < 0.05 as the statistically significant difference.
Among those 96 cases, complement C1q concentration was 157.95 ± 31.46 mg/L before treatment, while after treatment, it was 147.26 ± 28.76 mg/L. Compared with before and after treatments, t = 2.45726, P = 0.01049, it had significant difference. The complement C1q concentration with 33 cases increased after treatment. Before and after treatment, the average concentrations were 140.39 ± 5.085, 169.97 ± 4.79 separately. Compared with pre-post treatment, t = 24.3242, P = 0.00106. After treatment, the complement C1q concentration is constant with one cases and with 62 cases were unchangeable. Before and after treatment, the average concentrations were 167.14 ± 2.68, 135.37 ± 3.60. Compared with pre-post treatment, t = 56.1865, P = 0.000459. Comparison with cases of increased and reduced, the difference is statistically significant, χ2 = 18.75, P = 0.00356. For further details, please look at
Clq is an important complement system which can identify molecular start classical pathway, and in specific immunity and innate immunity, it plays a connecting role [
According to the results of this study, there is obvious difference of serum complement C1q in patients with HIV/AIDS antiretroviral treatment. The observation of overall cases, the majority of patients serum complements C1q level reduce, and a small number of cases increase. While, only one case is unchangeable. Compared with serum C1q concentration decreased or unchanged number of patients and the number of patients rose in the concentration, chi-square = 18.75, P = 0.00356. The difference is statistically significant. Before treatment, kidney function is undamaged. The level of serum complement C1q concentration is on the basic state. After antiretroviral therapy, the side effects of antiviral drugs cause kidney damage, which belongs to disease activity. Complement C1q is involved in activation of renal damage in patients with HIV/AIDS, the serum complement C1q concentration level reduced, while the level of complement C1q was not involved in the renal injury patients activation, those patients’ serum C1q concentration increased or unchanged. while the level of complement
| group | Treatment observation cases | Concentration increases the number of cases after treatment | Concentration unchanged or reduce the number of cases after treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The number of cases | The mean concentration (mg/L) | The number of cases | The mean concentrations (mg/L) | The number of cases | The mean concentrations (mg/L) | |
| Before the treatment | 96 | 157.95 ± 31.46 | 33 | 140.39 ± 5.085 | 63 | 167.14 ± 3.60 |
| After treatment | 96 | 147.26 ± 28.76 | 33 | 169.97 ± 4.79 | 63 | 135.37 ± 2.68 |
| T value | - | 2.45726 | - | 24.3242 | - | 56.1865 |
| P values | - | 0.01049 | - | 0.00106 | - | 0.000459 |
C1q was not involved in the renal injury patients activation, those patients’ serum C1q concentration increased or unchanged. The foundation of this will identify patients complement C1q defects, which are beneficial to patients with HIV/AIDS to observe the laboratory differential diagnosis, prognosis and treatment effect.
After careful experiments and analysis, this study find that serum complement C1q detection After careful experiments and analysis，this study found that serum complement C1q detection not only plays a good assessment role in kidney disease and have good effects in kidney disease and the aspect of HIV/AIDS patients laboratory diagnosis, but also can be used as laboratory diagnosis of HIV/AIDS patients, observation and prognostic evaluation and treatment of a good indicator, which are worthy of popularization and application.
Guosheng Su is responsible for the total project organization coordinated implementation. Xiaolu Luo and Shunda Luo participated in research. Zeduan Liu and Zuyan Ni were responsible for case collection and data statistics. Wanhong Huang and Juanying Liang were responsible for clinical detection and data processing.
During this topic research process, we got much help from many departments and individuals, and other personnel not involved in this project research, all of them offered a great support and help in this research. Now here, all of members of this research group show our deepest appreciation to them, and wish them good health and everything goes well.
The funding of this study are Guangxi Nanning City Science and Technology Plan Projects of the People’s Republic of China (NO. 20123164). The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region health department self-financing scientific research project (NO. Z2012621).
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
GuoshengSu,XiaoluLuo,ShundaLuo,ZeduanLiu,ZuyanNi,WanhongHuang,JuanyingLiang,11,11, (2015) Exploration and Research on HIV/AIDS Patients’ Complement C1q Level Changes before and after Treatments. Advances in Infectious Diseases,05,114-117. doi: 10.4236/aid.2015.53013