<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">WJCD</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2164-5329</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/wjcd.2015.56017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WJCD-57006</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Medicine&amp;Healthcare</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Heart Rate Variability: On the Importance to Perform HRV Analysis in Subjects Affected from Muscular Dystrophy
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>lio</surname><given-names>Conte</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ken</surname><given-names>Ware</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Riccardo</surname><given-names>Marvulli</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Marisa</surname><given-names>Megna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sergio</surname><given-names>Conte</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Leonardo</surname><given-names>Mendolicchio</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Enrico</surname><given-names>Pierangeli</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Giancarlo</surname><given-names>Ianieri</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff4"><addr-line>School of Advanced International Studies on Applied Theoretical and Non Linear Methodologies of Physics, Bari, Italy</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>The International Neuro Physics Functional Performance Institute, Energy Circuit, Robina, Australia</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Department of Basic Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>elio.conte@fastwebnet.it(LC)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>05</volume><issue>06</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>12</day>	<month>May</month>	<year>2015</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>accepted</day>	<month>7</month>	<year>June</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>10</day>	<month>June</month>	<year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  This paper discusses a case of muscular dystrophy on which it has been performed HRV analysis. The results that we obtain evidence that the subject delineates a net ANS dysfunction. All the basic parameters relating standard time and frequency domain of HRV analysis result profoundly altered. Examination by Poicar&#233; plot evidences in particular that the subject has an atrial fibrillation. Non linear indexes ApEn and Samp En evidence the very high condition of risk of the subject. The merging indication is for the cardiologist and scholars in cardiovascular disease to perform always ANS investigation in subjects in case of muscular dystrophy. After the NPT treatment, the subject obtains a net improvement.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>ANS Dysfunction in Muscular Dystrophy</kwd><kwd> HRV Analysis</kwd><kwd> Atrial Fibrillation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>References</title></sec><sec id="s2"><title>NOTES</title></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.57006-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Tsuji, H., Larson, M.G., Venditti Jr., F.J., Manders, E.S., Evans, J.C. and Feldman, C.L. (1996) Impact of Reduced Heart Rate Variability on Risk for Cardiac Events. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation, 94, 2850-2855.http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.94.11.2850</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.57006-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Stein, P.K. and Kleiger, R.E. (1999) Insights from the Study of Heart Rate Variability. 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