<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJAA</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2161-4717</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/ijaa.2015.51004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJAA-54869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Distribution of Mass and Energy in Five General Cosmic Models
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>adel</surname><given-names>A. Bukhari</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sub>1</sub></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Astronomy, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>fdbukhari@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>05</volume><issue>01</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>3</day>	<month>March</month>	<year>2015</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>accepted</day>	<month>17</month>	<year>March</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>20</day>	<month>March</month>	<year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  Distributions of the universe horizon distance and universe horizon volume were investigated in the light of five general cosmic models which were constructed in a previous study. Both distributions increase so slowly up to 
  t ≈ 21.5444 Myr, then they start raising very fast up to 
  t ≈ 60 Gyr. Afterwards, they increase again very slowly until 
  t ≈ 124 Gyr. Distributions of mass of radiation, matter and dark energy within the horizon volume of the universe were also studied in the five general cosmic models. The masses of both radiation and matter decrease gradually with time while the mass of dark energy increases. The mass of radiation prevailed in the early universe up to 
  t ≈ 34627.5 - 55916.2 yr, where it becomes equal to the mass of matter. Then the mass of matter dominated until 
  t ≈ 9.4525 - 10.0632 Gyr, where it becomes equal to the mass of dark energy. Thenceforward, the mass of dark energy prevails the universe. The cosmic space becomes approximately matter empty in the so far future of the universe.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>General Cosmic Models</kwd><kwd> Distribution of Mass and Energy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>In a previous study [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref1">1</xref>] the distribution of density parameters of radiation, matter and dark energy were investigated in details in five general cosmic models. Hence, it would be interesting to study the distributions of equivalent mass of radiation, mass of matter and equivalent mass of dark energy within the horizon volume of the universe in the general models.</p><p>Therefore, it is necessary to start this study by investigating the distributions of the horizon distance and horizon volume of the universe in the general models at different time intervals depending on the bases discussed in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref2">2</xref>] . Description of methodology is given in Section 2 while algorithm would be illustrated in Section 3. Results and discussion are presented in Section 4. Conclusion is shown in Section 5.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Methodology</title><p>We have seen in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref2">2</xref>] that the horizon distance and horizon volume of the universe at the present time are respectively</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula354"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x5.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula355"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x6.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are all defined as in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref1">1</xref>] . Thus the horizon distance of the universe at any given time is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula356"><label>(3a)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x8.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Consequently the change in the horizon distance of the universe in the time interval between two instants of scale factors <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is written as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula357"><label>(3b)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x10.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The horizon volume of the universe at any given time is</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula358"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x11.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It is also obvious from [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref2">2</xref>] that the total density of the universe is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula359"><label>(5)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x12.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula360"><label>(6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x13.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula361"><label>(7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x14.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula362"><label>(8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x15.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula363"><label>(9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x16.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula364"><label>(10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x17.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula365"><label>(11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x18.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Hence, the total mass within the horizon volume of the universe at any given time is expressed as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula366"><label>(12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x19.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The mass of matter<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the equivalent mass of radiation <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and the equivalent mass of dark energy <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x20.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x21.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x22.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> within the horizon volume of the universe at any given time are given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula367"><graphic  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x23.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula368"><label>(13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x24.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula369"><label>(14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x25.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula370"><label>(15)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x26.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The cosmic time is given by Equation (16) in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.54869-ref1">1</xref>] as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula371"><label>(16a)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x27.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Thus the time interval between two instants with scale factors <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x28.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> during the universe expansion is expressed as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.54869-formula372"><label>(16b)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x29.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Algorithm</title><p>In determination of the distributions of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x30.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> we use the following steps:</p><p>i) Set <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> then insert the value of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>for <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> for<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x32.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x33.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x34.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x35.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x36.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x37.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>ii) Compute <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x38.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>iii) Start general DO loop <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x39.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> which includes the following sub steps:</p><p>iv) <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x40.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>v) Calculate new value of cosmic time t numerically using(16-b), where<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x41.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>vi) Determinate new value of the universe horizon distance <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> numerically using (3-b) where,<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x42.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x43.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>vii) Obtain the corresponding values of <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x44.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> using (4), (11), (7), (8), (9), (10), (6), (5), (12), (13), (14) and (15) respectively.</p><p>viii) Continue the general DO loop.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Results and Discussion</title><p>The distribution of the universe horizon distance in the general models up to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(a). The distributions of all models coincide on each other until<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Then, the distributions of models A, B and C coincide on each other and get upper than the coincided distributions of models D and E. The universe horizon distance increases quite slowly with time in all general models up to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, hence it stats raising very fast. The distribution of the universe horizon distance in the general models in the range <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is illustrated in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(b). The distributions of all models coincide on each other up to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Afterwards, the distributions of models A, B and C coincide on each other and become higher than the coincided distributions of models D and E. In all general models the universe horizon distance distributions increase very fast with time. The distribution of the universe horizon distance in the general models in the range <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x45.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x46.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x47.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x48.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x49.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x50.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is presented in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(c). The distributions of models A, B and C are close to each other and lie upper than the distributions of models E and D. The increase in the universe horizon distance gets very small with increasing time in all general models.</p><fig-group id="fig1"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref></label><caption><title> The distribution of the universe horizon distance in the general cosmic models (a) up to t = 0.5 Gyr; (b) in the range t = 0.5 - 50 Gyr; (c) in the range t = 50 - 124 Gyr.</title></caption><fig id ="fig1_1"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x51.png"/></fig><fig id ="fig1_2"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x52.png"/></fig><fig id ="fig1_3"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x53.png"/></fig></fig-group><p><xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref> shows the universe horizon distances in the general models at special times. These times are the time of radiation-matter mass equivalence<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the time of matter-dark energy mass equivalence<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, the present time <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x56.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and the time <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x54.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x55.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x56.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x57.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></p><p>The results illustrated in Figures 1(a)-(c) are supported by those displayed in Figures 2(a)-(c) which show the distributions of the universe horizon volume in the general models in the ranges up to t = 0.5 Gyr, t = 0.5 - 50 Gyr and t = 50 - 124 Gyr respectively. <xref ref-type="table" rid="table2">Table 2</xref> presents the universe horizon volumes in the general models at the special times<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x58.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>.</p><p>The distribution of mass and energy within the universe horizon volume of the universe in any general model up to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is exhibited in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig3">Figure 3</xref>(a). The distributions of both radiation and matter decrease gradually with time and intersect at the time <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> as shown in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table3">Table 3</xref>. On the other hand, the distribution of dark energy increases gradually until it intersects with the radiation distribution at the time<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> as seen in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table4">Table 4</xref>. The distribution of total mass coincides with that of radiation up to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x62.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> Afterwards, the two distributions diverge from each other. However, the distribution of the total mass coincides on the distribution of matter from the time <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x59.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x62.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x63.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> onwards.</p><p>The distribution of mass and energy within the universe horizon volume of the universe in any general model in the range <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is displayed in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig3">Figure 3</xref>(b). It is obvious that the distributions of matter and radiation decrease gradually with time and the former lies above the later. The distribution of dark energy increases with time and intersects with the distribution of matter at <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> as illustrated in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table5">Table 5</xref>. The distribution of the total mass coincides on the distribution of the matter up to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then they diverge from each other. Furthermore, the distribution of the total mass coincides on the distribution of the dark energy from <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x64.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x65.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x66.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x67.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> onwards. Masses of radiation, matter and dark energy within the universe horizon volume in the general models at the present time are illustrated in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table6">Table 6</xref>.</p><p>The distribution of mass and energy within the universe horizon volume in any general model in the range</p><table-wrap id="table1" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table1">Table 1</xref></label><caption><title> Horizon distances of the universe in the general cosmic models at special times</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x68.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x69.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x70.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x71.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >118.1520</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >12.7667</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >14.2969</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >19.0103</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >112.1480</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >12.7586</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >14.1588</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.9849</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >118.0740</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >12.7812</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >14.2780</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >19.0274</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >98.0130</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >12.3367</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >13.8666</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.3062</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >94.3170</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >12.4269</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >13.8070</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.4510</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><fig-group id="fig2"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref></label><caption><title> The distribution of the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models (a) up to t = 0.5 Gyr; (b) in the range t = 0.5 - 50 Gyr; (c) in the range t = 50 - 124 Gyr.</title></caption><fig id ="fig2_1"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x72.png"/></fig><fig id ="fig2_2"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x73.png"/></fig></fig-group><table-wrap id="table2" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table2">Table 2</xref></label><caption><title> Horizon volumes of the universe in the general cosmic models at special times</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x74.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x75.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x76.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >13820.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >17.4322</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.4819</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >57.5555</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >11820.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >17.3990</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.7792</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >57.3248</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >13790.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >17.4916</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.3849</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >57.7111</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >7890.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >15.7295</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >22.3372</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >51.3939</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >7030.0</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >16.0772</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >22.0504</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >52.6234</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><fig-group id="fig3"><label><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig3">Figure 3</xref></label><caption><title> The distribution of mass and energy within the universe horizon volume in any general cosmic model (a) up to t = 0.5 Gyr; (b) in the range t = 0.5 - 50 Gyr; (c) in the range t = 50 - 124 Gyr.</title></caption><fig id ="fig3_1"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x78.png"/></fig><fig id ="fig3_2"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x79.png"/></fig><fig id ="fig3_3"><label></label><graphic mimetype="image"   position="float"  xlink:type="simple"  xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x80.png"/></fig></fig-group><table-wrap id="table3" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table3">Table 3</xref></label><caption><title> Cosmic times at which <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x81.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x82.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x83.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x84.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >55.9162</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >28.2526</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.1498</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >49.6665</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >28.2876</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.0712</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >55.8428</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >28.2529</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >18.1562</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >38.4783</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >28.3338</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >17.9566</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >34.6275</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >28.3753</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >17.8515</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table4" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table4">Table 4</xref></label><caption><title> Cosmic times at which <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x85.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x86.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x87.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x88.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5839</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.0153</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >25.5410</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5736</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >22.9834</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >25.5375</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5808</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.0202</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >25.5445</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5166</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >22.9407</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >25.5350</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.5259</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >22.8906</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >25.5216</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is exhibited in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig3">Figure 3</xref>(c). Again the distribution of both matter mass and radiation mass decrease with time and the former is higher than the later. The distributions of dark energy mass and total mass coincide on each other. Masses of radiation, matter and dark energy within the universe horizon volume in the general models at <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x89.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x90.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are given in <xref ref-type="table" rid="table7">Table 7</xref>.</p><p><xref ref-type="table" rid="table8">Table 8</xref> shows the equivalent number of the Coma-like clusters to the mass of matter within the universe horizon volume <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> in the general models at the special times<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x91.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x92.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. It is obvious that this content of matter strongly decreases with time such that the cosmic space becomes almost matter empty in the far future of the universe.</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Conclusion</title><p>In this article distributions of the universe horizon distance and universe horizon volume were determined in the five general cosmic models which were established previously. The two distributions were found increasing slowly up to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, hence they raise appreciably fast up to<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then they increase again so slowly until<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x93.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x94.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x95.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>. Distributions of mass of radiation, matter and dark energy within the universe horizon volume were also investigated in the five general models. The masses of radiation and matter are decreasing with time although the mass of dark energy is increasing. The mass of radiation was dominant in the early</p><table-wrap id="table5" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table5">Table 5</xref></label><caption><title> Cosmic times at which <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x96.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x97.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x98.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x99.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.4650</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.2507</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.8831</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.6930</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.2393</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.8339</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.4525</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.2594</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.8937</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >9.6289</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.2564</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.7974</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >10.0632</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.2109</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.7030</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table6" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table6">Table 6</xref></label><caption><title> Masses of radiation, matter and dark energy within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models at<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x100.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x101.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x102.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x103.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.4531</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.9625</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.3973</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.4324</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.9683</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.3785</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.4570</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.9663</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.4086</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.4035</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.9954</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.3981</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >20.3684</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >23.9921</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.3328</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table7" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table7">Table 7</xref></label><caption><title> Masses of radiation, matter and dark energy within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models at<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x104.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x105.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x106.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x107.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >8.8400</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >15.3480</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.7694</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >8.9797</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >15.4781</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.7571</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >8.7546</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >15.2847</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.7779</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >8.1326</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >14.8863</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.7706</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >8.8615</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >15.4585</td><td align="center" valign="middle" >24.7258</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="table8" ><label><xref ref-type="table" rid="table8">Table 8</xref></label><caption><title> Equivalent number of the Coma-like clusters to the mass of matter within the universe horizon volume in the general cosmic models at special times</title></caption><table><tbody><thead><tr><th align="center" valign="middle" >Model</th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x108.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x109.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x110.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th><th align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x111.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></th></tr></thead><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >A</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x112.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x113.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x114.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.1142</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >B</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x115.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x116.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x117.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.5034</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >C</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x118.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x119.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x120.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.9631</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >D</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x121.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x122.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x123.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >0.3848</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="middle" >E</td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x124.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x125.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" ><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x126.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula></td><td align="center" valign="middle" >1.4370</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>universe up to <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x127.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> where it becomes equivalent to the mass of matter. Afterwards, the mass of matter prevailed until <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x127.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="http://html.scirp.org/file/4-4500375x128.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> where it becomes equal to the mass of dark energy. From this time onwards the mass of dark energy dominates the universe. The cosmic space gets approximately matter empty in the very remote future of the universe.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.54869-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bukhari, F.A. (2013) Five General Cosmic Models. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Science, 25.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.54869-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bukhari</surname><given-names> F.A. </given-names></name>,<etal>et al</etal>. (<year>2013</year>)<article-title>Cosmological Distances in Five General Cosmic Models</article-title><source> International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics</source><volume> 3</volume>,<fpage> 183</fpage>-<lpage>188</lpage>.<pub-id pub-id-type="doi"></pub-id></mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>