<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied Mathematics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2152-7385</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/am.2014.56092</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AM-44595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  New Applications to Solitary Wave Ansatz
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>uhammad</surname><given-names>Younis</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Safdar</surname><given-names>Ali</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Centre for Undergraduate Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>younis.pu@gmail.com(UY)</email>;<email>safdarali.mu@gmail.com(SA)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>05</volume><issue>06</issue><fpage>969</fpage><lpage>974</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day>	<month>December</month>	<year>2013</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>14</day>	<month>January</month>	<year>2014</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>	<month>January</month>	<year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
   In this article, the solitary wave and shock wave solitons for nonlinear Ostrovsky equation and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili equations have been obtained. The solitary wave ansatz is used to carry out the solutions.  
    
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Solitary Wave Solitons</kwd><kwd> Shock Wave Solitons</kwd><kwd> The Ostrovsky Equation</kwd><kwd> The Potential  Kadomstev-Petviashvili Equation</kwd><kwd> Solitary Wave Ansatz</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>Nonlinear wave phenomena appear in various scientific and engineering fields such as electrochemistry, electromagnetics, fluid dynamics, acoustics, cosmology, astrophysics and plasma physics. See references [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref1">1</xref>] -[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref4">4</xref>] .</p><p>In recent time, the numerous approaches have been developed to obtain the solutions of nonlinear equations. For example the <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\1ae9091a-716d-4487-8dd8-917c73887b77.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>-expansion method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref5">5</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref6">6</xref>] , the first integral method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref7">7</xref>] , the adomian decomposition method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref8">8</xref>] , the generalized differential transform method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref9">9</xref>] , Jacobi elliptic method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref10">10</xref>] , the automated tanhfunction method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref11">11</xref>] and the modified simple equation method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref12">12</xref>] etc.</p><p>Nonlinear wave is one of the fundamental objects of nature and a growing interest has been given to the propagation of nonlinear waves in the dynamical system. The solitary wave ansatz method [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref13">13</xref>] [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.44595-ref14">14</xref>] is rather heuristic and processes significant features that make it practical for the determination of single soliton solutions for a wide class of nonlinear evolution equations. The solitary wave and shock wave solitons have been obtained, using solitary wave ansatz method, for nonlinear Ostrovsky equation and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) equation, and we clearly see the consistency, which has recently been applied successfully.</p><p>The Ostrovsky equation is, a model of ocean currents motion, read as</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33156"><label>(1.1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\15905453-126c-4c79-8b40-8311fff6e86c.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\be0e9bda-342b-4684-9620-b4ab451ee0ff.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\8aa65047-f99a-4c42-8225-26c9b34e4ebd.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are constants. Parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\97d3d872-6f71-43f7-b349-143e33fcd1b3.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> determines the type of dispersion, namely, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\c1705615-2f0a-4e78-992d-7d521baa1d31.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>(negativedispersion) for surface and internal waves in the ocean and surface waves in a shallow channel with an uneven bottom; <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\3bc1fac5-38a4-4577-bfbf-f52af83a6eb9.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>(positive dispersion) for capillary waves on the surface of liquid or for oblique magneto-acoustic waves. Parameter <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\e7277f40-8af1-4ef0-910d-e71e3fd83392.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> measures the effect of rotation.</p><p>The Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) equation has been considered in the following manner</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33157"><label>(1.2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\01201d40-1c18-43ba-8508-1694354b635b.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Solitary Waves Solitons</title><p>In this section, the solitary wave solution or non-topological solution to the Ostrovsky Equation (1.1) and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili Equation (1.2) have been found using the following solitary wave ansatz. For this, we have</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33158"><label>(2.3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\13ed5cee-b06a-4079-bfd0-53ddb2981a1b.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\40b590ae-6a22-496a-b30a-1ed70808e128.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the amplitude of the solitons, <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\e656e0db-b687-41e8-88c0-ddd015332fb7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>is the inverse width of the solitons and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\19d388f5-a55b-4fc1-9c9c-9aa823fc658e.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the velocity of the solitary wave.</p><sec id="s2_1"><title>2.1. OS-BBM Equation</title><p>From the Equation (2.3), it can be followed</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33159"><label>(2.4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\32efc657-e9d3-4174-80fe-344e07a34748.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33160"><label>(2.5)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\308090dc-6aa7-4184-be06-869ff93d469f.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33161"><label>(2.6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\3c3a5744-688a-479d-959c-489dcbd26229.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33162"><label>(2.7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\64ba87e7-2a8e-4e67-a5f9-c5b8c8f4a91a.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\53131a7a-0b35-478f-843e-7a021005f950.png" /></p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33163"><label>(2.8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\71c6a644-e2a4-4b9b-bce9-d2538bc87b9c.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>After substituting Equations (2.4)-(2.8) into (1.1), the following equation is obtained</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33164"><label>(2.9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\c501c39c-c48f-482c-a935-f3374cb44d7a.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It may be noted that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\60c0ef93-9625-4311-85dc-dcd1f8f97f9c.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is being calculated when exponents <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\f7a22669-f2b3-4583-a1f9-368b050b0a29.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\d5c9b3e3-2dfa-4651-9694-fc8d2065522e.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are equated equal to each other. Furthermore, set the coefficients of the linearly independent terms to zero. Thus, we can write</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\b28113e7-94bb-4a96-bf01-af33997eb25b.png" /></p><p>Solving the above system of equations and also set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\54f4c146-731d-44a5-b684-31ee20f12094.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then it can be written</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\48aa222b-12c7-4ea8-8921-aaa1179c7c74.png" /></p><p>Hence, the solitary wave solution of the OS-BBM equation is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33165"><label>(2.10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\c37d23bc-a711-46cf-bb0b-20913bf7688a.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s2_2"><title>2.2. Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) Equation</title><p>It can, thus, be written from Equation (2.3) as follows</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33166"><label>(2.11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\ee1c36f6-440c-4fb4-a323-e73be6b757a5.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33167"><label>(2.12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\469e6254-c2e2-48ef-a8c4-7425336f9ae3.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33168"><label>(2.13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\22261247-5b47-4ef4-b70f-aab46591d6a6.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>After substituting Equations (2.11)-(2.13) into Equation (1.2), the following equation is obtained</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33169"><label>(2.14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\ddac35db-affb-40b4-86c4-2a1699f06d58.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>It may be noted that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\fca6f699-97d9-45a5-92fb-07015c0d39a7.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is being calculated when exponents <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\8eb78aad-9a89-4ebc-8d99-ab260dc15e5a.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\f1e2fb95-f3f4-4336-9157-661f2b8ff8c2.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are equated equal to each other. Furthermore, set the coefficients of the linearly independent terms to zero. Thus, we can write</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\6e42e97e-8b11-44ae-a15c-6bcbe0378020.png" /></p><p>Solving the above system of equations and also set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\b210ea42-ebc9-4624-9220-0d6ce42f8f61.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then it can be written</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\5ce67b87-41f3-47e1-a336-ae60436949f2.png" /></p><p>Hence, the solitary wave solution of the Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) equation is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33170"><label>(2.15)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\50b12383-2a3e-46e3-ae42-08a2d5d2dbb8.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Shock Waves Solitons</title><p>In this section, the shock wave solution or topological solution to the Ostrovsky Equation (1.1) and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili Equation (1.2) have been found using the following solitary wave ansatz. For this, we can write</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33171"><label>(3.16)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\84bb7e08-08fc-4d73-bb58-9337bed3f3be.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\caa51f54-7c41-435f-b179-ce77473060f2.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\ba2cf742-37ef-49b5-87fa-07cef4b9880c.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are free parameters and are the amplitude and inverse width of the soliton, while <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\3cf88b98-3d48-44bd-9f25-2ca4dd3ebb7f.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is the velocity of the soliton. The value of the exponent <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\aeaccc2e-ac00-4de6-bc65-a664ab036f1a.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is determined later.</p><sec id="s3_1"><title>3.1. OS-BBM Equation</title><p>Following Equation (3.16), it can be written</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33172"><label>(3.17)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\2af011bd-14ad-43d0-8481-b5638f1e5ee7.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33173"><label>(3.18)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\93a35f33-03cb-4f8a-94e7-481e8646106c.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33174"><label>(3.19)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\7de84458-3076-46c3-91be-3cc96f4aadf2.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\5bd0243e-0845-400c-9d44-ef93fc543320.png" /></p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33175"><label>(3.20)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\1dbc21cf-6ce1-4ce1-b7f5-44232770b69d.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>After substituting Equations (3.17)-(3.20) into (1.1), the following equation is obtained</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\98aea722-25a0-45d7-b08d-a2ddca5574a7.png" /></p><p>It may be noted that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\9d021154-31c1-489f-9971-10cffe5faf60.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is being calculated when exponents <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\2de45efd-2698-421b-8bc6-1365ff76c7fe.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\2e291cc8-0a80-4539-afbf-09dca0af745f.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are to be set equal to each other. Furthermore, set the coefficients of the linearly independent terms to zero. It can, thus, be written as</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\ace75348-8596-4125-9405-682d087eecac.png" /></p><p>Solving the above system of equations and also set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\1a83edbd-9de4-47c6-8f01-95570e383587.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then it can be written</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\afbe0596-8cba-478a-878c-2f3023d34820.png" /></p><p>Hence, the solitary wave solution of the OS-BBM equation is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33176"><label>(3.21)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\18753b71-0e53-474b-a35c-70a7af08bf35.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec><sec id="s3_2"><title>3.2. Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) Equation</title><p>From Equation (3.16), it can be followed</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33177"><label>(3.22)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\aae65df4-19d5-4691-a8bd-6c47d61d7663.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33178"><label>(3.23)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\dded9370-a7a8-4f85-863a-cebcf3efadeb.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33179"><label>(3.24)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\c87e0ef0-a753-4a7c-8e9d-d39227d4606b.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>After substituting Equations (3.22)-(3.24) into (1.2), the following equation is obtained</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\bc1d2b09-5932-43ea-b40e-88458a203d03.png" /></p><p>It may be noted that <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\a8f7258e-1c44-4eaa-9671-22fa4f7740bd.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> is being calculated when exponents <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\3d6368c5-67cf-4d68-9147-3dcf38eeab0d.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\3ac8efec-7a62-4b90-aa8c-ae4a7a807eef.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula> are to be set equal to each other. Furthermore, set the coefficients of the linearly independent terms to zero. It can, thus, be written as</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\eb8c9d6b-d247-4c02-9b46-2aa9c0981275.png" /></p><p>Solving the above system of equations and also set<inline-formula><inline-graphic xlink:href="tmlimages\13-7402030x\96d35305-dd39-4c37-a4f6-6a786ca6cbea.png" xlink:type="simple"/></inline-formula>, then it can be written</p><p><img src="htmlimages\13-7402030x\69b6607e-a885-46ab-898d-5ef929869022.png" /></p><p>Hence, the solitary wave solution of the Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili (PKP) equation is given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.44595-formula33180"><label>(3.25)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="htmlimages\13-7402030x\fdf1ae3e-ca91-467e-a42a-6510a87f5dd3.png"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula></sec></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Conclusion</title><p>The growing interest of nonlinear waves has been given to the propagation in the dynamical system. The solitary wave ansatz method is rather heuristic and processes significant features that make it practical for the determination of single soliton solutions for a wide class of nonlinear evolution equations. The solitary wave and shock wave solitons have been constructed, using the solitary wave ansatz method, for Ostrovsky equation and Potential Kadomstev-Petviashvili equation and we clearly see the consistency, which has recently been applied successfully.</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.44595-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Johnson, R.S. (1970) A Non-Linear Equation Incorporating Damping and Dispersion. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 42, 49-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112070001064</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="scirp.44595-ref2"><label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Glockle, W.G. and Nonnenmacher, T.F. 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