With the rapid economic development and social progress, the increased polarization between urban and rural areas makes the wealth gap become the resistance to block the development of state and society. The basic reason to widen the polarization of the rich and the poor is that the basic public service is not equal in urban and rural areas. And the problem of the rural-urban education’s fairness is the core problem of the basic public service between urban and rural areas. So this paper is aimed at sorting out the current situation of education justice between urban and rural areas, and studying the reasons and the countermeasures of the problem.