The prevalence of idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) has been reported to vary between 2.9% - 6.2% in the age group of 3 months to 18 years [1-6]. The majority of these cases are asymptomatic. Symptomatic cases have various manifestations such as gross hematuria, dysuria, nocturnal enuresis, urinary frequency—urgency syndrome, supra-pubic and abdominal pain and recurrent urinary tract infections [7]. It predisposes to nephrolithiasis that may cause renal damage. These complications are avoidable if appropriate preventive measures are undertaken by early detection of IH. It is done by measurement of urinary calcium excretion, but it is difficult to take the accurate 24 hours urine in young and non-toilet trained children. Therefore, hypercalcuria can be screened by random urine Ca/Cr ratio [8-10] preferably fasting. It is incumbent on a laboratory to report urinary Ca/Cr ratio, and a reference interval must be required above which a result is considered abnormal, but these cut-offs are not firmly established because of difficulties of generating reference intervals for children particularly across the span of ages in childhood [11]. Reference values for urine calcium/ creatinine ratio in normal infant and children have been reported by several authors worldwide, but these data are controversial, possibly due to the differences between study populations, genetic characteristics and the variations in dietary intake of calcium, sodium and protein in different geographic regions [1-4,9, 10,12-15]. So the objective of the present study was to determine urine Ca/Cr ratio in healthy infant and children in Burdwan district, West Bengal.

In Burdwan district the distribution of urinary Ca/Cr ratio in the paediatric study population is depicted in Figure 1.

Table 1 showed the mean, standard deviation and percentile values of different age group. It was found that there was decrease in urinary Ca/Cr ratio as age of the study population increased and this ratio significantly negative correlate (Pearson Correlation −0.217) with increasing age (p < 0.01) analysed by Pearson correlation. It was also seen that different percentile values of each age group also decreased according to increased age.

Although urinary Ca/Cr ratio and its 97.5^th percentile value were more in girls, the different did not show significant difference (p > 0.01) as shown in the Table 2.

Figure 2 shows the comparison between the percentile values of different age groups and it is shown that there was definite decrease in percentile values according to increasing of age.