<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">OJMetal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Open Journal of Metal</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2164-2761</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/ojmetal.2013.33005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">OJMetal-37022</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Chemistry&amp;Materials Science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Identification of Silver Nanoparticles on Polyester Fiber on Raman Spectrograms of the in the Conditions of Information Uncertainty
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>ictor</surname><given-names>M. Emeljanov</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tatiana</surname><given-names>Dobrovol’skaja</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Svetlana</surname><given-names>Danilova</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Viktor</surname><given-names>Emeljanov</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Evgeny</surname><given-names>Orlov</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Research and Education Center Nanoelectronics, SWSU, Kursk, Russia</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>emelianov@nm.ru(IME)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>03</volume><issue>03</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>June</day>	<month>4,</month>	<year>2013</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>July</day>	<month>5,</month>	<year>2013</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>July</day>	<month>12,</month>	<year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  The paper 
  shows the results 
  of
   method development identification of colloidal silver nanoparticles on the components of the Raman spectra
  ,
   using the conditions information uncertainty decision to increase the reliability evaluating the presence nanoparticles at the surface polyester fibers
  .
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Polyester Fiber; Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles; Raman Spectra; Information Uncertainty; Mathematical Modeling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>To provide biomedical, therapeutic and protective properties of textile materials using silver nanoparticles is necessary to use convergence nano-, bio-, info-, cognitive science and technology.</p><p>In physical effect used Raman light scattering (SERS) [1-3], which is based on plasmon enhancement signal components from the Raman spectrum in the presence of silver nanoparticles. In addition, the applied polarizing effect of the laser beam Raman spectrometer PE fibers with silver nanoparticles, which provides additional gain of combination of background and fluorescent components of the Raman spectrogram.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Experimental</title><p>To improve the reliability of the control of presence of small amounts of colloidal silver nanoparticles on polyester (PE) fibers used Raman spectrometer, followed by separation of the spectral components of informative and processing on mathematical models in conditions of information uncertainty.</p><p>In the experiment, selected PE fiber to which silver nanoparticles were deposited from a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles AgBion—2 (TU 2499-003-44471019- 2006, concern “Nanoindustry”). Obtained following fiber samples: Sample 1—no nanoparticles; sample 2—nanoparticulate dried in vivo; sample 3—nanoparticulate dried in an oven. The measurements were performed with a scanning probe microscope (SPM) with a confocal Raman and fluorescence spectrometer OmegaScope ™ -.</p><p>After the transfer of the digital portion of the Raman spectrograms of the program Spekwin32 in Mathcad, obtained spectrograms shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>. Total of 10 spectrograms obtained. In order to take into account the background fluorescent component, which is present on the spectrograms presented should make the mathematiccal modeling of the background components for minimum data Raman spectrum [4,5].</p><p>The results of mathematical modeling and background components of the initial spectrum given no opportunity to highlight only the peaks of fluorescent components constituting the Raman spectrum (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>) with the values of the parameters: E<sub>i, 0</sub>, E1<sub>i, 0</sub>, E2<sub>i, 0</sub>, E3<sub>i, 0</sub>, E4<sub>i, 0</sub>, E5<sub>i, 0</sub>, E6<sub>i, 0</sub>, E7<sub>i, 0</sub>, E8<sub>i, 0</sub>, E9<sub>i, 0 </sub>—wave number (frequency) and EE<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE1<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE2<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE3<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE4<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE5<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE6<sub>i , 1</sub>, EE7<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE8<sub>i, 1</sub>, EE9<sub>i, 1 </sub> —intensity signals.</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Results and Discussions</title><p>We construct a matrix S0-S9 the intensities of all the peaks EE-EE9 each spectrogram Figures 1(a)-(m) (second columns of the matrices S0-S9), depending on the wave number E-E9 (the first column of S0-S9) and each spectrogram Figures 1(a)-(m) and, for example, according to <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(a): the matrix S0 with the first column</p><p>E<sub>i, 0</sub> and the second column EE<sub>i, 1</sub>; and according to <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(b): the matrix S1 with the first column E1<sub>i, 0</sub> and the second column EE1<sub>i, 1</sub>, according to <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>(c): matrix S2 with the first column E2<sub>i, 0</sub> and a second column EE2<sub>i, 1 </sub> and so on:</p><p><img src="1-1840081\9db3cc84-6d2c-42e6-83c9-04903e6ad052.jpg" />&#160; <img src="1-1840081\be2affec-ebac-4811-9c2f-05b6ac42f4c8.jpg" /></p><p><img src="1-1840081\1880f4dd-acdb-4ade-91ff-418fbf193173.jpg" />&#160; <img src="1-1840081\82bd6a80-ab3b-4c6b-9698-5895b3d14e96.jpg" /></p><p><img src="1-1840081\a1588bd1-9dab-4d5a-94c3-c9d9ac67b149.jpg" />&#160; <img src="1-1840081\9dd80a68-b51a-4e27-8ade-c418e5e3ed88.jpg" /></p><p><img src="1-1840081\f13578c6-46b4-454f-b9bd-7082a02dc9a5.jpg" /><img src="1-1840081\74c7f2d1-54dd-4992-8fdd-24e1fd2cc3c8.jpg" /></p><p><img src="1-1840081\215313f9-cc0f-414e-ab5b-485ed1de7ac9.jpg" />&#160; <img src="1-1840081\a4af91b8-a7e3-4b2a-b958-c294824be82f.jpg" /></p><p>From <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref> and matrix S0-S9 shows the maximum peak intensity E5<sub>i,0</sub> = 5820 cm<sup>−1</sup> is observed in the spectrum of the fiber with silver nanoparticles dried in vivo. The intensity of the peak E5<sub>i,0</sub> = 5819.5 cm<sup>−1 in said sam</sup>- ple is S5<sub>5,1</sub> = 12539 that 4.65 times the peak E<sub>i,0</sub> = 5820.8 cm<sup>−1</sup> range of the fiber without silver nanoparticles S0<sub>5,1</sub> = 2685.8.</p><p>To eliminate uncertainty and identify patterns in the distribution of the parameters of the spectrograms spectrograms were ranked by the intensity of the peaks for the determination of the maximum, minimum and intermediate values of all the components of each of spectrogram peaks in the set of spectrograms fibers separately for fibers without nanoparticles (S0, S1, S2), with the nanoparticles in drying in vivo (S3, S4, S5, S6) and dried in oven (S7, S8, S9).</p><p>In the set of spectrograms fibers without nanoparticles S0, S1, S2 identified by rating (1)</p><p><img src="1-1840081\c2af5405-d49e-4b16-b595-bf47e5c97b56.jpg" /></p><p>spectrogram fibers without nanoparticles: a minimum intensity peaks S0, with maximum intensity peaks S2 and intermediate intensity peaks S1.</p><p>For a variety of spectrograms fiber S3, S4, S5, S6 revealed Assessment (2)</p><p><img src="1-1840081\2ac3a40d-e269-4fdc-a60b-833589ae8398.jpg" /></p><p>spectrogram fibers nanoparticles: a minimum intensity peaks S6, with maximum intensity peaks S5 and intermediate intensity peaks S4 and S3.</p><p>In the spectrograms fibers nanoparticles S7, S8, S9 identified assessment (3)</p><p><img src="1-1840081\90c78236-bb74-41a1-a030-3b46575f3d85.jpg" /></p><p>spectrogram fibers with nanoparticles: a minimum intensity peaks S8, with the maximum intensity peaks S9 and with intermediate intensity peaks S7.</p><p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref> shows the spectrogram PE fibers with and without silver nanoparticles at different drying conditions with the combination of the samples peaks at minimum, maximum, and intermediate values of the peak intensities.</p><p>A pooled analysis of the results of modeling estimates (1-3) has shown that there is a significant difference in the intensities of the peaks of the spectrograms of PE fibers coated with silver nanoparticles and uncoated nanoparticles.</p><p>Thus the spectrograms with minimum values of all the peaks S0, S6, S7 in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref>(a) clearly differs spectrum S0 fibers without silver nanoparticles having minimum peaks compared to spectrograms S6, S7 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>In the spectrograms with the highest values of all peaks S2, S5, S9 <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref>(b) also clearly differs spectrum S2 fibers without silver nanoparticles having minimum peaks compared to spectrograms S5, S9 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>For spectrograms with intermediate values of all the peaks S1, S3, S8 in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig2">Figure 2</xref>(c) also clearly differ spectrum S1 fibers without silver nanoparticles having minimum peaks compared to spectrograms S3, S8 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>This is illustrated by mathematical modeling parameters peaks with intensities expectation of spectrogram peaks fibers (4) without silver nanoparticles as S0, S2, S1; nanoparticle and S6, S5, S3 and S7, S9, S8.</p><p><img src="1-1840081\cb060af4-f174-46c9-a875-ce8a6f71f80e.jpg" /></p><p>Mathematical modeling parameter M min = 1.634 &#215; 10<sup>3</sup> spectrograms without silver nanoparticles has a minimum value that is significantly different from M max = 3.028 &#215; 10<sup>3</sup> and points to the identification of differences in the generalized evaluation of spectrograms without nanoparticles and nanoparticle silver (4).</p><p>Thus, the method of the experiments and mathematical analysis of the spectrograms can be proposed as methods of control of colloidal silver nanoparticles on the surface of PE fibers.</p><p>The work was supported by the Russian Ministry of Education on the equipment Regional Center for Nanotechnology in SEC-Nanoelectronics SWSU and ISSP.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Conclusions</title><p>1) Due to the large scatter in the values of information parameters in the control of silver nanoparticles on polyester (PE) fibers and considerable uncertainty in the laws of their manifestation is the most suitable method of mathematical processing parameters constituting spectrograms for informational uncertainty (fuzzy logic) when deciding on the presence of nanoparticles.</p><p>2) To eliminate uncertainty and identify patterns in the distribution of the parameters of the spectrograms spectrograms were ranked by the intensity of the peaks for the determination of the maximum, minimum and intermediate values of all the components of each of spectrogram peaks in many spectrograms fibers separately for fibers without nanoparticles, the nanoparticles upon drying under natural conditions and on drying cabinet.</p><p>3) A pooled analysis of simulation results showed that revealed a significant difference in the intensities of the peaks of the spectrograms of PE fibers coated with silver nanoparticles and uncoated nanoparticles.</p><p>4) Identified in the spectrograms with the lowest values of all peaks S0, S6, S7 distinctly different spectrum S0 fibers without silver nanoparticles having a minimum peaks in comparison with the spectrograms S6, S7 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>5) In the spectrograms with the highest values of all peaks S2, S5, S9 also revealed distinctly different spectrum S2 fibers without silver nanoparticles having a minimum peak in comparison with the spectrograms S5, S9 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>6) For spectrograms with intermediate values of all the peaks S1, S3, S8 and clearly differs spectrum S1 fibers without silver nanoparticles having minimum peaks compared to spectrograms S3, S8 fibers with silver nanoparticles.</p><p>7) Visually checked difference from expectation spectrogram peak intensities of all fibers without silver nanoparticles as S0, S2, S1; nanoparticle and S6, S5, S3 and S7, S9, S8</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>REFERENCES</title></sec><sec id="s6"><title>NOTES</title></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.37022-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">J. 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