<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="research article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AM</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied Mathematics</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2152-7385</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Publishing</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4236/am.2012.312251</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">AM-25341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="Discipline-v2"><subject>Physics&amp;Mathematics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>
 
 
  Some Properties of the Class of Univalent Functions with Negative Coefficients
 
</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>isha</surname><given-names>Ahmed Amer</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Maslina</surname><given-names>Darus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"><sup>*</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><addr-line>School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia</addr-line></aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1">* E-mail:<email>eamer_80@yahoo.com(IAA)</email>;<email>maslina@ukm.my(MD)</email>;</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>03</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1851</fpage><lpage>1856</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>August</day>	<month>6,</month>	<year>2012</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>October</day>	<month>17,</month>	<year>2012</year>	</date><date date-type="accepted"><day>October</day>	<month>26,</month>	<year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>&#169; Copyright  2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><license><license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>
 
 
  The main object of this paper is to study some properties of certain subclass of analytic functions with negative coefficients defined by a linear operator in the open unit disc. These properties include the coefficient estimates, closure properties, distortion theorems and integral operators.
 
</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Analytic Function; Unit Disc; Coefficient Inequality; Closure Properties; Distortion Bound</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>1. Introduction</title><p>Let <img src="1-7401030\37266960-47be-4f8f-80b3-20706fd4374a.jpg" /> be the class of analytic functions in the open unit disc</p><p><img src="1-7401030\cd84e548-8f34-4b6c-aa18-b740234efd4f.jpg" /></p><p>and <img src="1-7401030\6f1fa463-490a-4f39-b343-be95fbbb2c2f.jpg" /> be the subclass of <img src="1-7401030\1323b378-517d-4192-b006-6caa2bcf228d.jpg" /> consisting of functions of the form</p><p><img src="1-7401030\f385e736-4af6-4356-80c8-fa716091eb27.jpg" /></p><p>Let <img src="1-7401030\0fb7357b-444d-4395-85bc-6d2d0064afc4.jpg" /> denote the class of functions<img src="1-7401030\e5daa209-cab5-4527-b78e-ca9f5d294953.jpg" /> normalized by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10190"><label>(1)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\20ad0d44-1a3d-4474-bf5a-8200d21ff2a8.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>which are analytic in the open unit disc. In particular,</p><p><img src="1-7401030\1b92bc48-7dd4-4d68-88cc-00722517fc71.jpg" /></p><p>For two functions <img src="1-7401030\7e01fd2c-97f2-4bb3-b723-474beb6d46ae.jpg" /> given by (1) and <img src="1-7401030\85c39c09-67d2-4a88-a1b2-674bc1fa48eb.jpg" /> given by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\89047585-cd4f-4ffd-8ced-ecb24a47c70d.jpg" /></p><p>the Hadamard product (or convolution) <img src="1-7401030\ba272e22-af83-4afc-a4b4-09b64165e38d.jpg" />is defined, as usual, by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\78b1b20d-4bd5-4c0f-a24e-6f1b0e6f719a.jpg" /></p><p>Let the function <img src="1-7401030\d34823b6-06ee-4784-b80d-546119ca195f.jpg" /> be given by:</p><p><img src="1-7401030\69ae67eb-b9e6-4ff5-aa75-44dc64d57875.jpg" /></p><p>where <img src="1-7401030\75b55106-15d5-4dcc-94d9-870e806936a6.jpg" /> denotes the Pochhammer symbol (or the shifted factorial) defined by:</p><p><img src="1-7401030\0c71eb5c-1ae6-4f73-b174-81cac4086dda.jpg" /></p><p>Carlson and Shaffer [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref1">1</xref>] introduced a convolution operator on <img src="1-7401030\c64236a3-5425-45ed-b502-234e56d93e09.jpg" /> involving an incomplete beta function as:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10191"><label>(2)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\363a3c51-44bd-4c64-80fd-8871cb12cc9d.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Our work here motivated by Catas [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref2">2</xref>], who introduced an operator on <img src="1-7401030\a1917155-9cd6-45a6-b604-cbc85539098c.jpg" /> as follows:</p><p><img src="1-7401030\2d0cc2b4-90a3-4314-a204-fdc545606f6c.jpg" /></p><p>where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\fea718d1-ff61-4d5b-89c9-c2e159b8fe91.jpg" /></p><p>Now, using the Hadamard product (or convolution), the authors (cf. [3,4]) introduced the following linear operator:</p><p>Definition 1.1 Let</p><p><img src="1-7401030\09f01781-6d47-420d-814e-475843a2fe3e.jpg" /></p><p>where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\260d4c12-6e95-475e-91cb-e9ab64ffbda1.jpg" /></p><p>and <img src="1-7401030\8162cd23-ec03-4f13-918a-ec631b5d512f.jpg" /> is the Pochhammer symbol. We defines a linear operator <img src="1-7401030\32899524-054a-4074-ab89-925d7f4291de.jpg" /> by the following Hadamard product:</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10192"><label>(3)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\c17e7d4d-583a-4bf8-986c-a0578533fec7.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\f982b1db-3eca-44aa-8700-d72d7117fe59.jpg" /></p><p>and <img src="1-7401030\c847bcb3-a18b-410f-bbc0-8a2b8eac9ee7.jpg" /> the Pochhammer symbol .</p><p>Special cases of this operator include:</p><p>• <img src="1-7401030\f8352a25-63e5-43d7-9660-caa219c3d029.jpg" />see [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref1">1</xref>].</p><p>• the Catas drivative operator [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref2">2</xref>]: <img src="1-7401030\3855dc41-1087-4d1e-83b8-17b502bb3c06.jpg" /></p><p>• the Ruscheweyh derivative operator [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref5">5</xref>] in the cases:</p><p>• <img src="1-7401030\6f65d5f0-a62a-452a-801b-cc674dd61b9f.jpg" /></p><p>• the Salagean derivative operator [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref6">6</xref>]: <img src="1-7401030\b9525fb1-3c6d-4276-9db4-7ddc65f8ee8a.jpg" /></p><p>• the generalized Salagean derivative operator introduced by Al-Oboudi [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref7">7</xref>]: <img src="1-7401030\5b8baf0b-24eb-4975-9780-7798b8c91c46.jpg" /></p><p>• Note that:</p><p><img src="1-7401030\28625deb-dfd7-4408-85ba-f86db95abc25.jpg" /></p><p>Let <img src="1-7401030\83633b46-95db-43ab-91a5-1ef34e9e826a.jpg" /> denote the class of functions <img src="1-7401030\7123ba2d-6282-47ef-9e08-8415ce6bd474.jpg" /> of the form</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10193"><label>(4)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\27b7373f-4bbc-4c19-a2e1-dacf7126194f.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>which are analytic in the open unit disc.</p><p>Following the earlier investigations by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref8">8</xref>] and [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref9">9</xref>], we define <img src="1-7401030\adbd6004-29bf-4097-b8c5-afe3b0356255.jpg" />-neighborhood of a function <img src="1-7401030\84960769-fbaf-42fc-8197-a479209e2855.jpg" /> by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\8380a159-2ed7-455f-b9cc-49b8e7d82c33.jpg" /></p><p>or,</p><p><img src="1-7401030\ce2c8e87-e1b3-44f1-ba1d-81b7a8610458.jpg" /></p><p>where <img src="1-7401030\40bc435f-821a-4b69-9c91-58c1e8875eb5.jpg" /></p><p>Let <img src="1-7401030\f48136c9-3334-4c0f-9e3d-ec00806397bb.jpg" /> denote the subclass of <img src="1-7401030\26aa8176-fcde-46ea-a574-e146eaca410a.jpg" /> consisting of functions which satisfy</p><p><img src="1-7401030\ef9d3bdc-c666-4a69-94d8-917990e83d98.jpg" /></p><p>A function <img src="1-7401030\b70859ae-0531-431a-b8b4-e784e21305c7.jpg" /> in <img src="1-7401030\ebaf02cd-9321-469f-a93b-217135e9039c.jpg" /> is said to be starlike of order <img src="1-7401030\2fffd64d-c376-440b-a07d-74d2d5c537dd.jpg" /> in<img src="1-7401030\09da22eb-aada-46eb-90f5-dccb8e4070ae.jpg" />.</p><p>A function <img src="1-7401030\f9c173fb-d588-44eb-930b-b633a87838e0.jpg" /> is said to be convex of order <img src="1-7401030\2e328012-5cd0-4850-a4fc-2011477f5c8f.jpg" /> it it satisfies</p><p><img src="1-7401030\27644f21-effc-41db-b45f-39e6c38dd828.jpg" /></p><p>We denote by <img src="1-7401030\c8c821cb-ee52-4e9d-91d5-053208c2255b.jpg" /> the subclass of <img src="1-7401030\a65e32b5-e555-42fc-bbe0-e186791633d1.jpg" /> consisting of all such functions [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref10">10</xref>].</p><p>The unification of the classes <img src="1-7401030\f98f75f4-cfcf-468c-bbe3-49c07da8aef7.jpg" /> and <img src="1-7401030\a0de3d58-5607-4d08-9e3e-091ddb3b89ca.jpg" /> is provided by the class <img src="1-7401030\1f865882-9371-4fbe-a4dc-69a3316a045f.jpg" /> of functions <img src="1-7401030\68d65dbd-0f24-448f-94f6-0fbad2144a0e.jpg" /> which also satisfy the following inequality</p><p><img src="1-7401030\b8562aa3-e97d-4181-b028-980019eeb0f3.jpg" /></p><p>The class <img src="1-7401030\c61ba4d1-9282-4a17-82f1-fb44e945dbe9.jpg" /> was investigated by Altintas [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref11">11</xref>].</p><p>Now, by using <img src="1-7401030\05131129-b79c-4c00-a71f-82cb57a3be06.jpg" /> we will define a new class of starlike functions.</p><p>Definition 1.2 Let</p><p><img src="1-7401030\9844afd2-a649-483f-bd5a-c31de79a31b5.jpg" /></p><p>A function <img src="1-7401030\cce894a7-5d77-4a49-9759-2deceedf605e.jpg" /> belonging to <img src="1-7401030\f2a8e9a8-9716-479a-8f57-0d5fc08b595e.jpg" /> is said to be in the class <img src="1-7401030\2fe7ef94-fc9c-4900-afb1-674235e6d80f.jpg" /> if and only if</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10194"><label>(6)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\e79ece5c-ae7d-412b-98d3-0db995c84296.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Remark 1.3 The class <img src="1-7401030\81362e85-cbe4-40fd-827b-b05025ee242b.jpg" /> is a generalization of the following subclasses:</p><p>i) <img src="1-7401030\6dfe369f-8d7f-4a1e-b4c6-19eb6b05d001.jpg" />and</p><p><img src="1-7401030\4d483423-a9de-4ca4-85ca-6ffd439a8d2d.jpg" />defined and studied by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref12">12</xref>];</p><p>ii) <img src="1-7401030\0d280166-6e0a-4d62-a6b9-e07c7b5a89d4.jpg" />and <img src="1-7401030\0edf7538-8d96-401f-a1a4-62793b48aeb3.jpg" /> studied by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref13">13</xref>] and [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref14">14</xref>];</p><p>iii) <img src="1-7401030\f92ec429-73a5-4c73-9dc0-86a88bd5aa10.jpg" />studied by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref15">15</xref>];</p><p>iv) <img src="1-7401030\0753b92f-eaed-475f-976b-02209381e748.jpg" />studied by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref16">16</xref>].</p><p>Now, we shall use the same method by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref17">17</xref>] to establish certain coefficient estimates relating to the new introduced class.</p></sec><sec id="s2"><title>2. Coefficient Estimates</title><p>Theorem 2.1 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\9b969cb2-c2f9-4eb5-9d36-c9d562986136.jpg" /> be defined by (1). Then <img src="1-7401030\c4d80581-bda4-4a20-b229-e685dbb5dc9d.jpg" /> belongs to the class <img src="1-7401030\ed6f7642-7eb5-4d00-b995-3cf203206dcf.jpg" /> if and only if</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10195"><label>(7)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\406c4e7f-7223-4f2e-b869-b57690bf7c6b.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>where</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10196"><label>(8)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\32eb8021-9235-46bb-8d73-3039fa47b419.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The result is sharp and the extremal functions are</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10197"><label>(9)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\a6a23ef7-b2de-489f-b6be-3fddcadcaa1f.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Proof: Assume that the inequality (7) holds and let<img src="1-7401030\39720356-a836-4f2d-a382-d21ceaf40ed1.jpg" />. Then we have</p><p><img src="1-7401030\7c4c8789-6329-46d1-928c-7d12ba6ff45e.jpg" /></p><p>Consequently, by the maximum modulus theorem one obtains</p><p><img src="1-7401030\43193d09-0445-4ce2-af01-6b6e367606fb.jpg" /></p><p>Conversely,suppose that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\8dfbe7eb-b351-4a2e-8c44-a628c21b53d4.jpg" />.</p><p>Then from (6) we find that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\977b38c4-6a56-435b-bf3a-7e65998ca412.jpg" /></p><p>Choose values of <img src="1-7401030\9ec59ea6-c5b1-4ffe-a29f-299b2d67a486.jpg" /> on the real axis such that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\e144455d-9a62-45f8-a040-8a2bc7fc4368.jpg" /></p><p>is real. Letting <img src="1-7401030\d73ab66b-107a-4d4f-a72a-a6bd9b3099e0.jpg" /> through real values, we obtain</p><p><img src="1-7401030\38e87dfc-f5d2-4631-b930-389a93303eb9.jpg" /></p><p>or, equivalently</p><p><img src="1-7401030\c01de323-9859-444f-9579-e5e76ad0fd49.jpg" /></p><p>which gives (7).</p><p>Remark 2.2 In the special case <img src="1-7401030\05cfe44e-021e-46dd-a3b3-ac95fa3a4e4a.jpg" /> Theorem 2.1 yields a result given earlier by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref17">17</xref>].</p><p>Remark 2.3 In the special case <img src="1-7401030\e8674cfe-e3e9-4f42-b06a-62d3e23b2f44.jpg" /> <img src="1-7401030\f1505e0a-22b9-44a0-9036-0ea352b3e679.jpg" />Theorem 2.2 yields a result given earlier by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref6">6</xref>].</p><p>Theorem 2.4 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\20fd3bce-6f00-4774-b3f8-0d3ec2019cbb.jpg" /> defined by (3) be in the class<img src="1-7401030\77459208-60b3-499a-945d-ba3f724a5280.jpg" />. Then</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10198"><label>(10)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\432dd236-dfd1-4c22-8cdd-752b44481235.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10199"><label>(11)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\7125e1f5-a81f-4900-a163-366eb3cad00e.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>The equality in (10) and (11) is attained for the function <img src="1-7401030\bf7d2516-42d3-4473-be9e-0fc046a1e5e2.jpg" /> given by (9).</p><p>Proof: By using Theorem 2.2, we find from (6) that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\1e08a323-ec81-4a47-af27-87613bdbf709.jpg" /></p><p>which immediately yields the first assertion (10) of Theorem 2.3.</p><p>On the other hand, taking into account the inequality (6), we also have</p><p><img src="1-7401030\c3977c4e-a906-4485-86aa-81caa164c56c.jpg" /></p><p>that is</p><p><img src="1-7401030\d1b2728d-84d9-4f37-92cf-5faf5c89b86f.jpg" /></p><p>which, in view of the coefficient inequality (10), can be put in the form</p><p><img src="1-7401030\0d3170f9-8315-4698-9cac-6bd0c591394e.jpg" /></p><p>and this completes the proof of (11).</p></sec><sec id="s3"><title>3. Closure Theorem</title><p>Theorem 3.1 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\b052a8a5-2dd7-4805-8ca9-7bb9edae8ef4.jpg" /> be defined by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\5ed4b22a-3160-47fd-8117-c92def20671a.jpg" /></p><p>for <img src="1-7401030\aa721ec8-4934-46f6-9f15-5ffa6141ccd0.jpg" /> be in the class <img src="1-7401030\70b27749-2351-4344-aa3f-fc5afa1e0bde.jpg" /> then the function <img src="1-7401030\dd89fdbe-1a12-4959-a2f9-549b3fdde25e.jpg" /> defined by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\c37ec36a-daa3-47be-9eb3-26a6ad149f49.jpg" /></p><p>also belongs to the class<img src="1-7401030\11944ad9-1aa0-463f-b8aa-bbfb6c845a0c.jpg" />, where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\571b5ecb-1526-432a-a23e-d653696599c9.jpg" /></p><p>Proof: Since <img src="1-7401030\35383565-45ef-429a-9e82-fedab7657d76.jpg" /> it follows from Theorem 2.1, that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\0ceede71-daa1-4116-a67c-becde210db7c.jpg" /></p><p>Therefore,</p><p><img src="1-7401030\be261deb-a47c-4055-a2c9-ac0873edc960.jpg" /></p><p>Hence by Theorem 2.1, <img src="1-7401030\08a772e4-80fe-4f65-88f3-2591f5e8c672.jpg" />also.</p><p>Morever, we shall use the same method by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref17">17</xref>] to prove the distrotion Theorems.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>4. Distortion Theorems</title><p>Theorem 4.1 &#160;Let the function <img src="1-7401030\36019516-5729-4452-a04e-beb05c368646.jpg" /> defined by (1) be in the class<img src="1-7401030\afe596dc-3ef8-4a1b-812a-1291285a6cbc.jpg" />. Then we have</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10200"><label>(12)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\7e3ad34c-1d45-4236-8444-302cecaf5f62.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10201"><label>(13)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\79cdd951-ba84-4e4d-9241-428303ae27ea.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>for<img src="1-7401030\366017d0-fbe0-4147-91eb-fcdcd006553f.jpg" />, where <img src="1-7401030\8dc8f751-43d3-40cf-9f4e-96c71c3a6c10.jpg" /> and <img src="1-7401030\cd0d9bcd-4d52-4099-a952-5cb077220813.jpg" /> is given by (8).</p><p>The equalities in (12) and (13) are attained for the function <img src="1-7401030\7180ba76-0c6b-43ec-a45c-5e4b9f5a6131.jpg" /> given by</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10202"><label>(14)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\fa1e1a5d-a49f-405a-a2d1-7824c813d2b4.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>Proof: Note that <img src="1-7401030\5ce8829c-7308-495d-9292-905b857d18ff.jpg" /> if and only if</p><p><img src="1-7401030\01981cea-b958-439a-84cc-1fa78bcd507f.jpg" />, where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\3e4d0fce-734b-49c2-87e7-5b6ab9ea901d.jpg" /></p><p>By Theorem 2.2, we know that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\80479ee6-9f16-4fe8-b5e3-81b29558913d.jpg" /></p><p>that is</p><p><img src="1-7401030\5e43d073-afe5-4b86-b3fc-1165f03c31c2.jpg" /></p><p>The assertions of (12) and (13) of Theorem 4.1 follow immediately. Finally, we note that the equalities (12) and (13) are attained for the function <img src="1-7401030\9fd577f2-b325-44f0-8998-20115086a17b.jpg" /> defined by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\82420843-0db2-4248-bc36-1faa4b413a56.jpg" /></p><p>This completes the proof of Theorem 4.1.</p><p>Remark 4.2 In the special case <img src="1-7401030\6ad1ee83-7875-429d-b1e0-5ceee115ba89.jpg" /> Theorem 4.1 yields a result given earlier by [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="scirp.25341-ref17">17</xref>].</p><p>Corollary 4.3 &#160;Let the function <img src="1-7401030\2fff2ca3-9002-49df-9d44-098f39f708eb.jpg" />defined by (1) be in the class<img src="1-7401030\580e4248-1150-4c8e-8f89-5ebcbc870b2e.jpg" />. Then we have</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10203"><label>(15)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\22338ead-25c1-47ad-b793-5593523eaa70.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10204"><label>(16)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\88d5067a-ac9a-4cf6-a2d6-29c66e49d131.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>for<img src="1-7401030\18e40fab-5b1d-4ac7-b9a8-39f8d667940a.jpg" />. The equalities in (15) and (16) are attained for the function <img src="1-7401030\48119c03-035f-4aae-89d0-7e872bd06620.jpg" /> given in (14).</p><p>Corollary 4.4 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\41c9134c-29e0-46bb-837f-0e6265290c2e.jpg" />defined by (1) be in the class<img src="1-7401030\6c512a4c-d5c8-41e3-b6b5-c76d676181bb.jpg" />. Then we have</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10205"><label>(17)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\cb6dc37c-4d63-48ca-8ebd-58d3ec596b15.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>and</p><disp-formula id="scirp.25341-formula10206"><label>(18)</label><graphic position="anchor" xlink:href="1-7401030\e513e5a9-e086-439c-904d-00bd37ce9ac6.jpg"  xlink:type="simple"/></disp-formula><p>for<img src="1-7401030\3949d55d-c1d8-40bd-99a8-3b2696ee4744.jpg" />. The equalities in (17) and (18) are attained for the function <img src="1-7401030\89dd0271-dbe0-42c7-942a-d8f8d28ff1eb.jpg" /> given in (14).</p><p>Corollary 4.5 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\b745017c-7484-4909-bc24-12a5f1420553.jpg" /> defined by (3) be in the class<img src="1-7401030\cfbc3818-b91c-4067-9f83-e7025dd596e1.jpg" />. Then the unit disc is mapped onto a domain that contains the disc</p><p><img src="1-7401030\d7efaa02-6c2d-4803-ad58-2099f1f28a00.jpg" /></p><p>The result is sharp with the extremal function <img src="1-7401030\eb9b1b6d-2d41-47c6-be32-e90b1e76d71a.jpg" /> given in (14).</p></sec><sec id="s5"><title>5. Integral Operators</title><p>Theorem 5.1 Let the function <img src="1-7401030\45708b9c-d493-4355-8de7-5a30efd79625.jpg" /> defined by (1) be in the class <img src="1-7401030\0a7e8e7b-e5e6-4332-8e29-dcb032075b3c.jpg" /> and let <img src="1-7401030\91b73f54-fe03-495c-adc7-a0f4211a6795.jpg" /> be a real number such that <img src="1-7401030\04b516f9-458f-4627-803e-08b43b3bc2e4.jpg" /> Then <img src="1-7401030\fdc96fcb-808d-4a30-9547-80fca3671845.jpg" /> defined by</p><p><img src="1-7401030\55f24b6e-b40b-4a4a-ae12-0fd2a1f49252.jpg" /></p><p>also belongs to the class <img src="1-7401030\ed33679a-9f04-4751-ad9a-846ec9a8a505.jpg" /></p><p>Proof: From the representation of <img src="1-7401030\cac7d457-6965-4684-b917-a3e55850c54f.jpg" /> it is obtained that</p><p><img src="1-7401030\af6c92af-f16c-4b0f-80cc-bc8b4a3c1081.jpg" /></p><p>where</p><p><img src="1-7401030\fa0195aa-42ec-477d-93c0-8b8bad3f47ea.jpg" /></p><p>Therefore</p><p><img src="1-7401030\83c114d6-536d-4b23-aeb8-0b765b2be530.jpg" /></p><p>since <img src="1-7401030\15bb935d-b147-4b8c-9103-332b1b098329.jpg" /> belongs to <img src="1-7401030\43507671-6d7d-4e2b-9ce0-75ab34fb27f3.jpg" /> so by virtue of Theorem 2.1, <img src="1-7401030\635a7966-4870-483c-aba6-c7ff31217854.jpg" />is also element of</p><p><img src="1-7401030\0d0715c5-d8fb-49a1-a903-0f44382e0e27.jpg" /></p></sec><sec id="s6"><title>6. Acknowledgements</title><p>The work presented here was partially supported by LRGS/TD/2011/UKM/ICT/03/02.</p></sec><sec id="s7"><title>REFERENCES</title></sec><sec id="s8"><title>NOTES</title></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="scirp.25341-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">B. C. Carlson and D. B. Shaffer, “Starlike and Prestarlike Hypergeometric Functions,” SIAM Journal on Mathe matical Analysis, Vol. 15, No. 4, 1984, pp. 737-745.  
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