Melorheostosis, also known as Leri disease or flowing periosteal hyperostosis, is a rare, non-hereditary, benign, sklerosing bone dysplasia which radiologically characterized by the appearance of “melting wax flowing down a candle” [1,2]. All bones may be affected, especially those of the lower limb. In the upper limb, this disease is rather unusual, and only a few cases have been reported in the humerus [4-10], and in the forearm and hand [3- 7,11,12]. Lesion localization is very important in the prevention of fracture, treatment and follow-up. Beside bone scintigraphy can easy detect of suspicious lesions in whole body, it can enables the detection of metabolically active lesions which is important the choice of treatment options, patient monitoring and the detection of lesions that cause clinical complaints [12].

We report on a 43-year-old woman with melorheostosis who had pain in the upper limp for 10 years, limitation of joint movement and a deformity in the left third finger. Radiographies and bone scintigraphy were evaluated. Radiography showed “melting wax flowing down a candle” in left distal humerus and left fibula. Besides, sclerotic lesions were shown in left hand (ostriquetrum, oscapitatum, distal region of third metacarpal, third and forth proximal phalanges). Radiographies of the right upper limbs were normal (Figure 1). All lesions of melorheostosis in radiography were seen in bone scintigraphy. More than half of increased uptakes of hands on bone scintigraphy are due to degenerative process. All lesions of melorheostosis in radiography were seen in bone scintigraphy. There is not excellent correlation in small bones between the scintigraphy and plain radiography for distribution of the lesions. More than half of increased uptakes on bone scintigraphy are due to degenerative process (Figure 2).

The locations of melorheostosis can be shown with combined radiography, computerized tomography and radionuclide imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging can also be taken for the evaluation of soft tissue lesions and preoperative planning [5,13]. Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake is seen on bone scintigraphy. Some researchers reported that there are well correlation between bone scintigraphy and radiography [7,14]. Bone scintigraphy is a widely used and very sensitive imaging method for diagnosis and monitoring of bone lesions, but specificity is low [15]. In our case report more than half of increased uptakes of hands on bone scintigraphy are due to degenerative process. All radiographic lesions of melorheostosis were observed in bone scintigraphy. Except for hands, radiographic and scintigraphic localizations were similar in the upper extremity. Wesuggested that bone scintigraphy is very useful for the screening for suspicious lesions

of melorheostosisin whole body but radiological methods are necessary for verification.