A total of 60 patients undergoing domestic robot-assisted radical prostatectomy were selected from the Operating Room of a Grade III-A hospital in Jingzhou City between September 2024 and September 2025. The random number table method was used to generate random numbers based on the admission sequence of the study subjects. According to the corresponding generated random numbers, patients numbered 1 - 30 were assigned to the control group, while patients numbered 31 - 60 were assigned to the experimental group. The control group received standard nursing care, while the experimental group underwent Robocare nursing care. Comparison of general patient data showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05), as shown in Table 1. Inclusion criteria: 1) Pathological histology confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer; 2) Met surgical indications and were receiving their first TUMAI robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at this hospital; 3) Age ≥ 18 years; 4) Informed consent from both patients and their families. Exclusion criteria: 1) Coexisting coagulation disorders; 2) Complications, including heart, liver, or kidney dysfunction; 3) Cognitive impairment or mental abnormalities; 4) Midoperative switching to manual surgery or open surgery. The research has been approved by our hospital’s ethics committee.

Table 1. General information of the two groups.

Note: a: t-value; b: Fisher value; c: χ² value.

2.2.1. Control Group

The control group received standard interventions, including preoperative visits, intraoperative management, and postoperative care. 1) Preoperative Visit: One day before surgery, circulating nurses conducted a preoperative assessment to inform patients about surgical precautions. 2) Intraoperative Management: Patients were administered general anesthesia with continuous vital sign monitoring. The operating room temperature was maintained at 21˚C - 25˚C to ensure patient comfort. 3) After surgery, patients were transferred to the anesthesia recovery room. If no adverse reactions occur within 2 hours, they can be moved to the general ward, with circulating nurses completing handover documentation.

2.2.2. Test Group

The comprehensive care under the Robocare nursing model is implemented alongside conventional interventions, with a dedicated Robocare nursing team comprising the Department of Anesthesiology Director, Operating Room Head Nurse, Urology Head Nurse, and three surgical nurses. 1) Preoperative Education: On admission day, team members conduct initial consultations with patients and their families to collect medical data and provide preoperative education. One day prior to surgery, the team distributes informational brochures and presents PowerPoint presentations detailing treatment approaches, robotic-assisted surgical advantages, preoperative precautions, potential postoperative complications, and recovery protocols. 2) Intraoperative Management: During surgery, continuous monitoring of vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiration) ensures prompt identification and management of abnormalities. Body temperature is carefully regulated using air blankets and infusion warming devices. The team assists surgeons in optimizing robot positioning and instrument angles to maintain optimal working conditions, while maintaining close communication with surgical team members to ensure the precise delivery of instruments and medications for successful procedure completion. 3) Postoperative Care: On the first postoperative day, monitor the patient’s vital signs, address any abnormalities, and observe drainage tube patency and fluid output. Administer scheduled bilateral lower limb pneumatic compression therapy to prevent postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Guide patients through rehabilitation exercises such as pelvic floor muscle training. Before initiating training, ensure complete bladder emptying with no residual urine. Perform anal contractions followed by normal breathing, then rhythmically lift pelvic muscles to maximum contraction for 2 seconds, followed by relaxation. Complete 3 repetitions per set, performing 10 - 20 sets daily. Gradually increase to 4 sets daily. Brief patients on precautions for the next three days. Conduct discharge education one day before hospital discharge. Remind patients to schedule suture removal at 9 days post-operation. Conduct telephone follow-ups two weeks after discharge to assess bleeding and pain management, reporting findings to physicians. Schedule a follow-up examination one month post-discharge to evaluate disease-related indicators. Notify patients for a third follow-up visit three months after discharge.

1) Postoperative Recovery Evaluation: The study documented and compared the first rectal gas passage time, postoperative ambulation duration, initial bowel movement timing, drainage tube removal schedule, and total hospitalization periods between the two groups. 2) Postoperative Complications: These included nausea/vomiting, deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, pulmonary infections, and anastomotic leakage. 3) Nursing Satisfaction Assessment: Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale (NSNS) [8] was employed to evaluate nursing satisfaction levels, categorized as: Excellent (76 - 95 points), Good (65 - 75 points), Fair (57 - 64 points), Poor (41 - 56 points), and Very Poor (19 - 40 points).

All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Categorical data were presented as frequency (percentage) [n(%)], while ordinal data (line) were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact probability test, or the rank sum test. Normally distributed quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, with inter-group comparisons conducted using independent samples t-tests. Differences were considered statistically significant when P< 0.05.

The time of anal ventilation, time of getting out of bed after surgery, time of defecation, time of drainage tube removal, and hospitalization time of the first trial group were shorter than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), as shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Comparison of postoperative recovery between the two groups ( x ¯ ± s ).

The total incidence of postoperative complications in the control group was 36.67%, while that in the experimental group was 13.33%, indicating a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), as shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Comparison of postoperative complications between the two groups [n(%)].

The rank test of grade data showed that, compared with the control group, the total satisfaction of patients in the experimental group was higher at discharge, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), as shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Comparison of nursing satisfaction between the two groups at discharge [n(%)].