Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition characterized anatomically by an increase in prostate volume, mainly located in the transitional zone [1] . It affects around 50% of men aged 60 and almost 90% of men over 80 [2] . BPH is one of the most prevalent and costly benign neoplasms in men [3] .

Prostatic adenoma, a benign tumor, impacts the urinary system without there necessarily being a direct correlation between the size of the prostate and the severity of the obstruction [1] . Obstructive prostatic hypertrophy is a leading cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in older men, affecting more than 200 million people worldwide [4] .

Clinically, BPH is defined by the combination of three elements: infravesical obstruction (SVO), an increase in prostatic volume detected on physical examination, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) [5] .

Therapeutic options for BPH have evolved considerably in recent years. Surgical treatment, now reserved for complicated cases, is mainly based on transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), considered the gold standard technique [6] . Several studies on morbidity and mortality have proven the safety of this technique [2] [7] - [10] . Our work aims to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate in the urology department of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry, Guinea.

This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection carried out over a 13-months period from November 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024. It took place within the urology unit integrated into the surgery department of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital. The study involved 27 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy treated surgically by monopolar transurethral resection. Data were collected from hospitalization records and operating room registers. The usable nature of the records was determined by the presence of a complete medical observation with information on the well-documented postoperative course, the existence of an ultrasound result, a biological assessment including PSA, urine culture, and the existence of an operative report. The incomplete records were excluded. The data were collected on pre-established survey forms, entered into the software SPSS version 21.0 which was used for statistical analysis. Age, digital rectal examination data, total PSA, ultrasound result, surgical indication, results and postoperative course were the parameters studied. The Quantitative variables were described by mean and standard deviation. Qualitative variables were described with proportions. The agreement of the ethics committee of the chair was obtained. The confidentiality of the data through respect for anonymity was ensured by pre-coded numbers. The retrospective nature of the study was its main limitation.

TURP remains the gold standard treatment in the surgical management of BPH, although it is a technique that has proven its long-term effectiveness, it nevertheless remains associated with a certain number of challenges, including the occurrence of potentially serious complications in the perioperative period, to which are added the limitations of this technique, particularly those related to the patients’ background. This has certainly led to the use of new technologies considered minimally invasive and less likely to cause morbidity and complications than monopolar TURP. Among these techniques is bipolar TURP, which has the advantage of reproducing the same conditions as conventional resection [11] . In monopolar TURP, in order to avoid excessive dispersion of the electrical energy used, a non-conductive hypo-osmolar fluid low in electrolyte such as glycine or mannitol is required. The main risk of this procedure is the excessive absorption of this irrigation fluid which can lead to hemodilution and hyponatremia causing TURP syndrome, the frequency of occurrence of which remains high at 10% to 15% depending on the series with a mortality rate of 0.2% to 0.8% [11] .

On the other hand, with all bipolar resectors this risk is theoretically excluded since the solution used is physiological serum which is iso-osmolar [12] .

The mean age in our study was 68.57 years, a result similar to that reported by Sissoko [13] , who observed an average age of 69 years.

In our study, the prostate volume was less than 60 ml, a result comparable to that of the study of Abdoulaye NDIATH et al. [14] , where 86% of patients also had a prostate volume less than 60 ml.

Surgical treatment, particularly transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), is reserved for complicated adenomas [6] . In our study, chronic urinary retention was the most common surgical indication, representing 37.04% of cases, or 10 patients.

This result is in agreement with the observations of Abdoulaye NDIATH et al. [14] , who reported a rate of 76% for this same operative indication.

The main risk associated with this procedure is excessive absorption of the irrigation fluid, which can lead to hemodilution and hyponatremia, responsible for transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome. The frequency of this complication varies between 10% and 15% depending on the series, while mortality remains low, between 0.2% and 0.8% [11] . On the other hand, with bipolar current this risk is theoretically excluded with the use of physiological serum which is iso-osmolar [12] . The postoperative course was simple in 96.29% of cases, that is, in 26 patients. However, an intraoperative complication was observed in one patient, in the form of a bladder breach that occurred during deterioration of the resection loop, leading to passage of glycine into the peritoneum. This complication was managed by a laparotomy, allowing the evacuation of the liquid and closure of the bladder breach. This incident has not been reported in any other study.

In contrast, in the other studies, the most frequently observed complication was capsular rupture. It was reported in 2 patients in the Sissoko study [13] .

In monopolar resection series the transfusion rate varies between 2% and 5% [15] .

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a common practice at the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital. It represents a significant portion of the procedures performed in our department.

This minimally invasive technique offers many advantages, including a significant reduction in hospital stay, catheterization time and comorbidities associated with the management of this prostate pathology.

All data is included in the article content.

The hospital consented to the use of data from patients who were consulted in the department. This study was approved by the hospital ethics committee and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki were followed.