Soil is the vehicle for plant growth and provides crops with the nutrients needed for vital activities [1] .

However, intensive agriculture, unregulated industrial farming, irrational use of fertilizers and urbanization often result in increased plant nutrients, heavy metals and pollutants that cause environmental pollution which affects crop yield and quality [2] . Farmers routinely apply excess manure, synthetic fertilizers, and other agrochemicals to improve crop yields without considering the recommended dosages. This can lead to offsite transport and leaching of nutrients, heavy metals, and other pollutants, which can contaminate soils and surface, subsurface, and ground waters [3] .

Heavy metals are a major environmental concern due to their toxicity and detrimental effects on living organisms and ecosystems [4] . Heavy metal contamination of soils is one of the main factors contributing to soil quality decline and loss of biodiversity, which is also associated with plant contamination, as metals accumulate in the surface layer of soils and then enter the trophic chain [5] . Metals contamination of soils is one of the main factors contributing to soil quality decline and loss of biodiversity as metals accumulate in the surface layer of soils and then enter the trophic chain [6] . It is also worth mentioning that metal contamination of soils is rarely evident in the short term, but is characterised by dangerous ecological effects delayed in time [7] . Studying the mobility process of metals in soil is one of the most important ways to identify the ability of these contaminants to move between the solid and liquid phases in soil and later into the trophic chain [7] . Studying the mobility process of metals in soil is an important way to identify the ability of these contaminants to move between the solid and liquid phases in soil and later into the trophic chain [7] . The mobility of metals depends on the chemical form in which they are present in soil, as well as on the physical and chemical properties of the soil (pH, redox condition, electric conductivity, content of the organic matter, granulometric composition) [6] [8] . The most mobile elements are those of anthropogenic origin occurring in ionic and carbonate form. In contrast, metals associated with silicates and primary minerals have significantly reduced mobility [7] . The analysis of the ecological risks associated with metal contamination of soils has received much attention in the literature to date [7] [9] [10] . Soil has a significant impact on human health and quality of life [11] . Soil pollution can adversely affect human health.

Plants have varying abilities to accumulate elements, and their characteristics depend on factors such as plant species, growth stage, and environmental conditions. When we use these types of plants, we will introduce a number of elements into the body that include both essential nutrients and potentially toxic metals [12] . Bioconcentration factor is an important parameter in phytoremediation determining information on the metal uptake, its mobilization into the plant tissues, and storage in the shoot parts [13] .

Bioconcentration factor (BCF) was calculated using the ratio of metals content in roots (mg∙kg⁻¹ dry weight) to its content in the rhizosphere soil (mg∙kg⁻¹ dry weight) and provides information on the plant species’ ability to uptake and concentrate heavy metals from the soil [14] . A value of BCF greater than 1 indicates accumulation in roots biomass, while a BCF lower than 1 indicates no accumulation. The translocation factor (TF) was calculated as the ratio of metal content in leaves (mg∙kg⁻¹ dry weight) to that in roots (mg∙kg⁻¹ dry weight). This factor indicates the plant’s capacity to transport heavy metals from roots to leaves, stems or flowers [15] . A value of TF greater than 1 indicates that metals are translocated from the roots to the aerial part of the plant [16] .

Cereal product composition has a key role in the human diet. Cereals, especially wheat, may have a high nutritional value for human life, accounting for roughly 1/4 of annual cereal production, wheat supplying 70% of the world’s food. Wheat is a principle food of the human daily die [17] . Wheat is an important source of dietary protein and has the potential to be exploited to replace animal protein-based products [18] .

Because wheat is a staple food of the human daily diet [17] , this led to the determination of the metal content in wheat plant.

The locality of Dragomiresti has 68% of the surface is arable soil and it is very important to calculate the content of metals in the soil. The soil and the wheat plant of the study area were used to determine the content of metals in the soil and in different parts of the wheat. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine the content of heavy metals in farmland soil and wheat; (2) assess the degree of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil; (3) explore the accumulation and migration of metals in wheat.

The samples analysed in the study come from Geangoești, Dragomirești Jud. Dâmbovița.

Dragomirești area is located in the south-west of Targoviste Municipality at a distance of 10 km from two old capitals of the Romanian Country, namely Targoviste and Câmpulung, and they are situated at an altitude of 300 meters above sea level.

The village is crossed from west to east by the Dâmbovița River, and the component villages are on either side of the river. On the right side as the river flows, we have the villages of Decideni, Râncaciov and Ungureni, and on the left Dragomirești, Geangoești and Mogoșești. This locality is located on the border between hills and plains in this area, the relief is mixed, here we find both plain and hilly landforms, but in a smaller proportion.

In terms of its position to the major landforms, Dragomirești village can be placed on the line separating the hills from the plains, namely Ploiești-Târgoviște-Pitești. The settlement is crossed from east to west by two hills running parallel to the Dâmbovița River flowing between them. At certain points, the hills also form the boundary of the locality, and their heights descend visibly in this geographical setting.

Sampling was done by actually walking the wheat plot in rows and taking soil and plant samples with a distance of 2 meters between each sample. Soil and plant samples were collected at the same time and from the same place. Sampling was carried out in February and April and wheat sampling in July.

The metal content of the samples was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

The soil sample (0.4 g) was placed in the digestion vessel, followed by 2.5 mL of 67% high purity nitric acid and 7.5 mL of 37% high purity hydrochloric acid. After shaking (20 min) and digestion (25 min and 1800˚C), the vessels were cooled to room temperature, and then each solution was transferred to volumetric flasks (50 mL).

The location on the map of the lot from which the samples were collected is shown in Figure 1 .

Analysis of the 16 soil samples showed that the heavy metal concentrations did not exceed the alert threshold for the sensitive use type. The calculated transfer coefficients for the metals aluminium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, strontium, cadmium, lead, and zinc are greater than 1, which means that the plant accumulates these metals. The highest value of the bioconcentration factor was recorded for Sr (3.106) and the lowest value for Zn (0.408). Calculating the stem-root translocation factor, it was observed that its value is less than 1, which means that the plant does not translocate metals to the stem. The plant translocates aluminum, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, strontium, cadmium and lead from stem to leaf. The calculated transfer factor values indicate easier translocation for aluminum, chromium, iron and nickel and harder for cobalt, copper, zinc strontium cadmium and lead. The metals aluminum, iron, nickel and strontium were found not to translocate to the spic. Eleven metals were detected in wheat grains. The order of metal concentrations is as follows: Mn > Al > Pb > Fe > Zn > Cu > Sr > Ni > Co > Cr > Cd. In the wheat flour obtained from the analyzed batch, it was found that the concentration of Cu, Zn and Pb exceeded the maximum permissible limit.