We present (on the 13 th International Conference on Geology and Geophysics) the convincing evidence that the strongest earthquakes (according to the U.S. Geological Survey) of the Earth (during the range 2020 - 2023 AD) occurred near the predicted (calculated in advance based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles determining the maximal temporal intensifications of the global seismotectonic, volcanic, climatic and magnetic processes of the Earth) dates 2020.016666667 AD (Simonenko, 2020), 2021.1 AD (Simonenko, 2019, 2020), 2022.18333333 AD (Simonenko, 2021), 2023.26666666 AD (Simonenko, 2022) and 2020.55 AD, 2021.65 AD (Simonenko, 2019, 2021), 2022.716666666 AD (Simonenko, 2022), respectively, corresponding to the local maximal and to the local minimal, respectively, combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences on the internal rigid core of the Earth. We present the short-term thermohydrogravidynamic technology (based on the generalized differential formulation of the first law of thermodynamics and the first global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principle) for evaluation of the maximal magnitude of the strongest (during the March, 2023 AD) earthquake of the Earth occurred on March 16, 2023 AD (according to the U.S. Geological Survey).
The problem of the long-term and short-term predictions of the strong earthquakes is the significant problem (Richter, 1958) of the modern geophysics (Simonenko, 2012, 2013, 2016) related with the founded (Simonenko, 2012, 2014a) increased intensifications of the global natural (seismotectonic, volcanic, climatic and magnetic) processes of the Earth during the established ranges 2020 - 2026 AD, 2037.38 - 2043.38 AD and 2055 - 2064 AD (Simonenko, 2012, 2014a). The evaluation (in advance based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (Simonenko, 2012, 2014a)) of the forthcoming ranges of the maximal temporal intensifications of the global seismotectonic processes of the Earth is the significant first step to solve the problem of the long-term deterministic predictions of the strongest earthquakes of the Earth. We calculated in advance (based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (3) and (4) determining the maximal temporal intensifications of the global seismotectonic processes of the Earth) the dates t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) = 2020 .016666667AD (Simonenko, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) = 2021 .1AD (Simonenko, 2019, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) = 2022 .18333333AD (Simonenko, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2023) = 2023 .26666666AD (Simonenko, 2022) and t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) = 2020 .55AD , t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) = 2021 .65AD (Simonenko, 2019, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) = 2022 .716666666AD (Simonenko, 2022) corresponding, respectively, to the local maximal combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences (3) and to the local minimal combined planetary and solar inte- gral energy gravitational influences (4) on the internal rigid core τ c,r of the Earth.
The first aim of this article is to present the convincing evidence that the strongest earthquakes (according to the U.S. Geological Survey) of the Earth (during the range 2020 - 2023 AD) occurred near the calculated (in advance based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (3) and (4) used in the first approximation of the circular orbits of the planets around the Sun) dates t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) (Simonenko, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) (Simonenko, 2019, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) (Simonenko, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2023) (Simonenko, 2022) and t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) = 2020 .55AD , t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) (Simonenko, 2019, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) (Simonenko, 2022).
The second aim of this article is to present the short-term thermohydrogravidynamic technology (based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principle (3)) for evaluation of the maximal magnitude of the strongest (during the March, 2023 AD) earthquake of the Earth occurred on March 16, 2023 AD (according to the U.S. Geological Survey).
In Section 2 we present the fundamentals of the developed thermohydrogravidynamic theory (Simonenko, 2007a, 2007b, 2012, 2013, 2014a, 2014b, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019). In Section 2.1 we present the established (Simonenko, 2007a, 2007b, 2012, 2013, 2014a, 2019) generalized differential formulation (1) of the first law of thermodynamics. In Section 2.2 we present the established (Simonenko, 2012, 2014a) global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (3) and (4) determining the maximal temporal intensifications of the global seismotectonic, volcanic, climatic and magnetic processes of the Earth near the corresponding time moments (dates) t ∗ (τ c,r , i) and t (τ c,r , i) ∗ .
In Section 3.1 we present the convincing evidence that the strongest earthquakes (according to the U.S. Geological Survey) of the Earth (during the range 2020 - 2023 AD) occurred near the calculated (in advance based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (3) and (4) used in the first approximation of the circular orbits of the planets around the Sun) dates t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) (Simonenko, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) (Simonenko, 2019, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) (Simonenko, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2023) (Simonenko, 2022) and t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) = 2020 .55AD , t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) (Simonenko, 2019, 2021), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) (Simonenko, 2022) corresponding, respectively, to the local maximal combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences (3) and to the local minimal combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences (4) on the internal rigid core τ c,r of the Earth.
In Section 3.2 we present the application of the short-term thermohydrogravidynamic technology for evaluation of the maximal magnitude M up,th (2023,loc .max .,March) of the strongest (during the March, 2023 AD) earthquake of the Earth occurred on March 16, 2023 AD (according to the U.S. Geological Survey).
In Section 4 we present conclusions.
The long-term thermohydrogravidynamic technology (Simonenko, 2020, 2021, 2022) is based on the established (Simonenko, 2006, 2007a, 2007b, 2012, 2013) generalized differential formulation of the first law of thermodynamics (for an individual finite continuum region τ subjected to the non-stationary combined (cosmic and terrestrial) Newtonian gravitational field and non-potential terrestrial stress forces):
dU τ + dK τ + dπ τ = δQ + δA np, ∂ τ + dG , (1)
where U τ is the classical (Gibbs, 1873; De Groot & Mazur, 1962) internal thermal energy of the continuum region τ , K τ is the established (Simonenko, 2006, 2007a, 2007b) macroscopic kinetic energy of the continuum region τ , π τ is the established (Simonenko, 2006, 2007a, 2007b) macroscopic potential gravitational energy (of the continuum region τ ) related with the non-stationary potential ψ of the gravitational field, δQ is the classical (Gibbs, 1873; De Groot & Mazur, 1962) differential total heat flux to (for δQ > 0 ) or from (for δQ < 0 ) the continuum region τ , δA np, ∂ τ is the established (Simonenko, 2006, 2007a, 2007b) generalized differential work done by non-potential stress forces acting on the boundary surface ∂ τ of the continuum region τ ,
dG = dt ∭ τ ∂ ψ ∂ t ρdV , (2)
is the established (Simonenko, 2007a, 2007b, 2012, 2013, 2014a, 2016) differential (during the differential time interval dt ) energy gravitational influence (as the result of the Newtonian non-stationary gravitation) on the continuum region τ characterized by the local density ρ of mass distribution.
The first and the second global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles (determining the maximal temporal intensifications of the global seismotectonic, volcanic, climatic and magnetic processes of the Earth near the corresponding dates t ∗ (τ c,r , i) and t (τ c,r , i) ∗ ) are formulated (based on the term (2) of the generalized differential formulation (1) of the first law of thermodynamics) for the internal rigid core τ c,r of the Earth (Simonenko, 2012, 2014a):
ΔG(τ c, r ,t ∗ (τ c,r ,i)) = max t ∫ t 0 t d t ′ ∭ τ c,r ∂ ψ comb ∂ t ′ ρ c,r dV − local maximum for time t ∗ (τ c,r , i), (3)
and
ΔG(τ c, r ,t (τ c,r ,i) ∗ ) = min t ∫ t 0 t d t ′ ∭ τ c,r ∂ ψ comb ∂ t ′ ρ c,r dV − local minimum for time t (τ c,r , i) ∗ , (4)
where ρ c,r is the mass density of the internal rigid core τ c,r , ψ comb ≡ ψ comb (τ c,r ,t) is the combined planetary and solar gravitational potential (Simonenko, 2012, 2013, 2014a, 2019) in the internal rigid core τ c,r of the Earth.
To confirm the cosmic energy gravitational genesis of the strongest (according to the U.S. Geological Survey) earthquakes of the Earth (during the range 2020 - 2023 AD) occurred near the calculated (in advance based on the global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principle (3) used for the first approximation of the circular orbits of the planets around the Sun) dates t ∗ (τ c,r ,2020) (Simonenko, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2021) (Simonenko, 2019, 2020), t ∗ (τ c,r ,2022) (Simonenko, 2021) and t ∗ (τ c,r ,2023) (Simonenko, 2022) (corresponding to the local maximal combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences (3) on the internal rigid core τ c,r of the Earth), we present
We see (based on