Samples from fermented tubers have been collected. Dilutions were done and microorganism suspension was streaked on Mossel supplemented with polymixin B. The Petri dishes were incubated at 37˚C for 24 h to 48 h. Each colony of different appearance was separately isolated. Purification of the isolates was rigorously done by successive cultures. Purity was estimated by using a microscope for morphological characterization. Gram status was determined by using 3% KOH. Sporulation, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and oxidases tests were used for biochemical characterization.

Three (3) pieces of freshly cut cassava tubers around 2 cm³ in size and weighing 12.30 g each were added to the jars under aseptic conditions containing 100 mL of distilled water sterilized at 121˚C for 15 minutes. Then a volume of 3 mL of overnight culture was inoculated into the different jars. The optical density was taken before and after seeding. Physicochemical parameters such as softening, O.D., pH were respectively read using a graduated penetrometer, a spectrophotometer, and a pH meter. After 16 hours of incubation at room temperature, physicochemical parameters were read successively three times a day at a regular interval of 3 hours, during the 5 days of fermentation. The selection of the isolates was made on the basis of the complete softening time of the pieces of cassava tubers, which must be less than 72 hours with which the values of the O.D. and the pH are associated. At the end of the selection, 3 classes of isolates were retained; namely classes of isolates which fermented cassava tubers in 24, 48 and 72 hours.

Tuber penetrometer resistance is an effective and reliable method for evaluating cassava tubers strength. A mecanic penetrometer has been used to introduce in fermented tubers. During the fermentation process the penetrometry Index (PI) have been assessed. The values were established according to the texture of the fermented cassava tubers. A score of ten (10) was associated with the tuber whose the penetrometer completely has been penetrated and broke the tubers. An index of seven (7) to eight (8) was associated with the tuber with penetration of the stem creating cracks. An index of five (5) was associated with the tuber that the penetrometer entered but did not break. Zero (0) was associated with the tuber whose peak strength and maximum stress were not allowable.

The Proteolytic, amylolitic and cellulolytic activities of some Bacillus strains were assessed for the ability to secrete proteases, amylase and cellulase in the extracellular environment as described and modified [16]. The E24 was investigated by adding crude oil with LB medium in 1:1 ratio (v/v). The solution was vortexed for 5 min and incubated for 24 h. Emulsification percentage was calculated through the height of emulsion layer. In addition, E24 was determined for gasoline, diesel fuel or SAE 140. All the experiments were performed in triplicates. E24 = Height of emulsion layer/Total height of solution ×100.

The recent molecular identification using the fibE gene encoding for the fibrinolytic enzyme has been used for targeting strains like Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. licheniformis, B. altitudinis, B. mojavensis, B. safensis, and B. atrophaeus. Extraction and purification of isolate genomic DNA were performed according to the NucleoSpin Microbial DNA (Macherey-NAGEL) kit. Briefly, isolates were grown in 5 mL LB broth for 24 h at 37˚C with stirring. The DNA purity was assessed by electrophoresis on agarose gel and by the ratio of optical densities 260/280 nm. 5 μL of each amplification product was mixed with 2 μL of loading buffer (BIOKE). Mixtures were subjected to electrophoresis on 1% agarose gel (w/v). The 10 kb 2-Log (BIOKE) was used as a molecular weight marker. The housekeeping 16S rRNA gene has been amplified by PCR (Thermal Cycler, Bio-Rad) by using universal primers fD1 (5’-AGACTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3’ and rP2 (5’-ACGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3’). 5 μL of each amplification product was mixed with 2 μL of loading buffer (BIOKÉ). Mixtures were subjected to electrophoresis on 1% agarose gel (w/v). The 10 kb 2-Log (BIOKÉ) was used as a molecular weight marker. The PCR products were purified using the solution of Gel Extraction kit (Omega Bio-tek), and the purified products were subjected to sequencing by the Sanger technique (3130 × l Genetic Analyser (Applied Biosystems)). The sequences obtained were aligned with the software BioNumerics 7.5 (Applied Maths, Belgium) and corrected manually to resolve discrepancies between the sense and antisense strands. Sequences were compared with homologous sequences contained in the sequence databanks through NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information (https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) using the BLASTn program based on the identification criterion. All sequences have been stored in NCBI GenBank data.

Appropriate dilutions of each collected sample were done on Mossel medium. 50 bacteria with Bacillus orientation were isolated. Morphological and cultural assessment revealed that all the isolates were Gram-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria (data not showed). They were also catalase-positive and aerobic. Those bacteria have been assessed for their ability to quickly ferment tubers either in 24 hours, or in 48 hours or in 72 hours. Amond 90 isolates, 21 have been able to ferment tubers. Strains have been highlly showed a good penetrometry index (PI) including S3 (8), S7 (10), S8 (8)n S9 (10), S10 (S7), S13 (8), S18 (7), S19 (7), S20 (5), S24 (10), S26 (8), S32 (7), S35 (8), S38 (5), S40 (5), S42 (10), S44 (8), S46 (5), S48 (5), S49 (10 and S50 (10) (Figure 1(a)). Twelve (12) Isolates with the ability to easily fermentalone tubers were mixed in consortia. In single as results none bacterium has found to ferment in 24 h, nine

(9) in 48 h and three (3) in 72 h. Associations S7 + S35, S7 + S18, S7 + S19 and S7 + S26 were reduced the duration fermentation shifting from 48 hours when testing alone to 24 hours in consortia and the penetrometry index were high to PI (10) scale (Figure 1(b)).

Isolates with good profiles based on fermentation ability were selected for the extraction of genomic DNA. A total of twenty one isolates were selected: S3 (8), S7 (10), S8 (8) S9 (10), S10 (S7), S13 (8), S18 (10), S19 (10), S20 (5), S24 (10), S26 (8), S32 (7), S35 (8), S38 (5), S40 (5), S42 (10), S44 (8), S46 (5), S48 (5), S49 (10 and S50 (10). The revelation was made on 1% agarose gel by using BET. After the amplification using an one step of multiplex PCR with the specific primers, results showed that only two pairs of specific primers allowed the amplification of the fibE gene allowed to identifiy B. subtillis and B. Safensis. This includes S7 and S35 (Table 1). The identification of other isolates with Bacillus sp oriented phenotype have been confirmed using 16S rRNA gene, Bacillussubtillis (Gen bank: MT994787), Bacillus subtillis (Gen bank: MT994789) and Bacillus tequilensis (Gen bank: MT994788) have been identified by corresponding to S18, S19 and S26, respectively. S32, S49 and S50 could not be identified this was associated to Bacillus spp (Table 1). The ability of Single Isolates to ferment cassava tubers has been highlighted in Figure 2.

Exploring bacterial communities with biomolecule production was purposed in this study. The isolates with a good fermentation capacity were subjected to be assessed for secretion of Biomolecules such as biosurfactants, cellulases, amylases, pectinases and proteases. By exploiting proteolytic activity we showed that isolates were able to secrete proteases in the extracellular medium. The diameter of clear zone around the wells indicates proteolytic digestion of the skimmed has been calculated (Figure 3(a)). Amylolytic and Cellulolytic activities have been carried out at 37˚C for enzymatic production and rate have

been done (Figure 3(b)). To highlight if identified strains could involve in the production of with more successful, a qualitative and quantitavie test called emulsion index in 24 hours (E24) has been conducted by inoculating precultures in flasks containing the nutrient broth. Incubation has been done overnight at 37˚C. As results the so-called starters were able to secrete biosurfactants by mixing with either gasoline. The average emulsion index (EI24) for gasoline are illustrated in Figure 3(b).