γ radiation monitoring is based on the principle of distribution: The survey area is divided into proper size grids, and a monitoring point is selected in each grid. In the end, there were 30 points in the warehouse, 30 in the exhibition room and 30 in the yard, which made a total of 90 points. Radon gas distribution principle also uses the appropriate size grid to divide the survey area, taking one point in each grid. In the end, there were 6 locations in the warehouse and 6 exhibition rooms, with a total of 12 locations. The plan of the museum is shown in Figure 1.

According to the “Standard Measurement Methods of radon in Ambient Air (GB/T 14582-93)”, the sampling layout and solution requirements for indoor radon concentration measurement are as follows: 1) The sampling height is 0.8 - 1.5 m and the distance from the inner wall should not be less than 0.5 m; 2) Sampling work should be carried out normally under completely closed conditions, the outside doors and Windows must be closed, and the outside doors

should not be opened for more than a few minutes during normal access; 3) Internal and external air-conditioning systems such as ceiling fans and Windows must be stopped during sampling [4]. In this survey, the radon gas measurement instrument adopted the fixed-point measurement mode for 30 min. The inlet was 1.5 m from the ground and away from walls and corners. Each point was measured three times and the average value was taken as the radon concentration at the point.

According to the “Specification for The Determination of Dose rate of Environmental Surface gamma RadiationGB14583-1993”, in this study, the γ air absorbed dose rate was measured by instantaneous measurement. The air dose rate of ambient gamma radiation at 1 m above the point was measured directly by the x-gamma dose rate meter. Each point is measured for 3 times, and the measurement time of each group of data is set at 270 s. If the data of the measurement point is abnormal, it can be measured for multiple times [5].

The radon concentration measuring instrument is fD-216 radon measuring instrument developed by Beijing Geological Research Institute of Nuclear Industry (Range of measurement: 3 - 100,000 Bq/m³; Sensitivity: >1.5 Bq・m⁻³/cp20m; Background: ≤0.5 cpm). Gamma dose rate was determined using the BH3103B portable X-gamma dose rate manufactured by Beijing Nuclear instrument Factory (Range of measurement: 1 - 10,000 × 10⁻⁸ Gy/h; Cosmic-ray response: ±15%; Long-term stability: ≤ 7%; calibration factor: 1.00).

The statistics of the measured data are shown in Table 1.

The measured data are compared with the upper and lower limits of the anomaly, and the values beyond the range are eliminated.

1) It can be seen from Figure 2 that the measured data at the measuring points fall within the range of N + 3δ, all of which are reliable points, so the measured data can be used to evaluate the environmental radioactivity of the museum.

*Note: Determination of upper and lower limits of anomaly (Refer to geochemical correlation methods, N ± 3δ distribution is recommended as the limit of high anomaly and low anomaly, respectively).

2) The content difference of different measurement points in the same measurement route is also very different, because of different geological structure, different ground materials, and different types of ore storage. The ground of some measurement points is concrete, while the ground of some measurement points is marble, and the ore type stored has a great impact on the measurement data.

The range of γ air absorbed dose rate is 7.1 - 13.6 × 10⁻⁸ Gy/h, the average is 10.8 × 10⁻⁸ Gy/h. Compare the results of this experiment with those of previous years: The range of γ air absorbed dose rate in Sichuan province in 1990 was 60.8 - 66.0 nGy/h, The average γ air absorbed dose rate of in China is 98.3 - 99.1 nGy/h [6]. The results were slightly higher than those of Sichuan and the whole country, and were in the natural background range.

The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

It can be seen from Table 2 that the radon concentration ranges from 24.12 to 78.9 Bq/m³, the mean value is 36.17 Bq/m³, it can be seen that the radon concentration in the museum is far lower than the Chinese standard of 400 Bq/m³.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the concentration of radon in the warehouse is higher than that in the exhibition hall. The reason is that the warehouse is in a closed state all the year round, and radon gas precipitated from it accumulates all the year round. However, the exhibition hall is in an open state all the year round, and the air ventilation is relatively good, so the concentration of radon in the warehouse is higher.

The estimate can be made according to the following formula:

H e = D r ⋅ K ⋅ t (1)

where H_e: annual effective dose equivalent (mSv/a); D_r: γ Air Absorbed Dose Rate ( G y / h ); K: Ratio of effective dose equivalent rate to air absorbed dose rate, 0.7 Sv/Gy; t: Residence time in the environment, 2000 h.

According to the formula, the maximum, minimum and average of the measured air absorbed dose rate can be substituted into the formula, and the effective dose of external irradiation caused by γ radiation can be calculated, as shown in Table 3.

For the estimation of internal exposure to radon, the formula for estimating the effective dose caused by radon in an equilibrium state is as follows:

H E = 1 .8 × 10 − 10   C R n ⋅ t (2)

where H_e: annual effective dose equivalent (mSv/a); 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ Sv/(Bq/(m³・h)); C_Rn: Radon concentration (Bq/m³); t: The time of exposure to radon is 2000 h according to the international standard.

According to the above formula, the maximum, minimum and average value of radon concentration obtained can be substituted into it, and the effective dose of internal exposure caused by radon can be calculated as shown in Table 4.