TITLE:
Environmental, morphological and physiological factors analyzes for optimization of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber in vitro germination
AUTHORS:
Abraham Dieme, Mame Ourèye Sy
KEYWORDS:
Solanum tuberosum; Microtubers; In Vitro Germination; Temperature; Size; Physiological Age
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.4 No.11,
October
30,
2013
ABSTRACT: The microtuber is considered one of the most effective
means of spreading basic materials, as well as transporting and preserving
potato germplasm varieties. To define the optimal conditions for the potato
microtuber in vitro germination of
Aida, Atlas and Odessa varieties, the effects of temperature, physiological age
and grade (size) were evaluated. The study conducted at three different
temperature levels has demonstrated that the most favorable temperature for
microtuber germination at a higher and faster germination rate was 25℃,
regardless of the variety. In addition, microtubers of large caliber, greater
than 4 mm, germinate more quickly, with a higher germination rate, than smaller
size ones (less than 4 mm) for all genotypes. For Atlas, Aida and Odessa varieties,
a germination rate equal to 86.66%, 70% and 70% respectively, was obtained for
microtubers with a caliber superior to 4 mm. Physiological age influences
microtuber germination. The mean length of sprouts, reached after a 7 week
incubation period, was more marked at
“multiple sprout” and “branched sprout” stages than at a “monosprout”
stage. The average length was 2.35 cm, 2.48 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Thus,
it is necessary to plant microtubers at a “multiple sprout” stage to optimize
their yield in plants and minitubers.