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MacDougall, I.C., Gray, S.J., Elston, O., Breen, C., Jenkins, B., Browne, J. and Egrie, J. (1999) Pharmacokinetics of novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein compared with epoetin alfa in dialysis patients. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 10, 2392-2395.

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• TITLE: Mortality and morbidity due to the failure to treat mild anemia unrelated to cancer in elderly Americans—Review of the literature and case presentation

  AUTHORS: Allen D. Allen

  KEYWORDS: Elderly; Geriatric; Iron Deficiency; Anemia; Morbidity and Mortality; Injectable Iron; US Public Health; American Health Maintenance Organizations

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Aging Research, Vol.2 No.4, October 28, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Even mild iron deficiency anemia, as defined by the World Health Organization, is associated with increased mortality and significant morbidity in elderly individuals who are cancer free. Yet, anemia in the elderly is often dismissed as a benign sign of aging. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that elderly individuals often suffer from gastrointestinal complaints that preclude treatment with iron supplements by mouth. The FDA has approved two brands of injectable iron for treating such patients. Nonetheless, a major American health maintenance organization refuses to treat elderly patients with injectable iron, even when it is indicated, unless their anemia is associated with cancer. This may well reflect a public health crisis afflicting many elderly residents of the United States.