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B. S. Terry, A. D. Ruppert, K. R. Steinhaus, J. A Schoen and M. E. Rentschler, “An Integrated Port Camera and Display System for Laparoscopy,” IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering, Vol. 57, No. 5, 2010, pp. 1191- 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2009.2037140

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Modeling and Simulation of Laparoscopic Tools for Autonomously Positioning Laparoscope in Laparoscopic Surgery

  AUTHORS: S. M. Megahed, A. A. Balbola

  KEYWORDS: Laparoscopic Surgery; Homogenous Transformation Matrix; Denavit-Hartenberg Notations

  JOURNAL NAME: Engineering, Vol.5 No.10B, October 25, 2013

  ABSTRACT: In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeons are equipped with the suitable tools for the surgery, while the laparoscope is used to capture the operation environment and displays it on a monitor. This paper presents the mathematical kinematic position modeling of the laparoscopic tools used for autonomous positioning of a laparoscope in such operations. These models are obtained using Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) Notations and Homogenous Transformation Matrix (HTM). The laparoscopic tools are considered as six degrees of freedom (DOF) mechanisms while the laparoscope has four DOF. The 3D loop closure equation is used to obtain the laparoscope kinematic position models in terms of those of the laparoscopic tools. These models are used to simulate and align the laparoscope camera with the surgeon’s laparoscopic Tools Center Points (TCP). The obtained results show the smooth positioning of the laparoscope camera for better visu-alization of laparoscopic surgery environments.