TITLE:
Employing Orphan Nodes to Avoid Energy Holes in Wireless Sensor Networks
AUTHORS:
Sepideh Zareei, Elham Babaee, Rosli Salleh, Saeed Moghadam
KEYWORDS:
Wireless Sensor Networks; Clustering; Energy Efficiency; Orphan Nodes
JOURNAL NAME:
Communications and Network,
Vol.5 No.3C,
October
9,
2013
ABSTRACT: When energy consumption by wireless sensor nodes gets
off balance, partitions in the network appear because several of the nodes stop
functioning. The respective network’s lifetime also diminishes. This problem is
commonly known as the “hot spot” or “energy hole” phenomenon. To resolve this
issue, a Multi-Hop Decentralized Cluster-Based Routing (MDCR) protocol is
proposed. This algorithm uses orphan nodes as intermediate nodes to form
inter-cluster multi-hop routing and balance the energy consumption among sensor
nodes. Simulation experiments have shown that MDCR is significantly better at
prolonging network lifetime compared to the Adaptive Decentralized Re-Clustering
Protocol.