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L. Bittman, M. Furstand and H. Kallmann, “Decay Times, Fluorescent Efficiencies, and Energy Storage Properties for Various Substances with Gamma-Ray or Alpha-Particle Excitation,” Physical Review, Vol. 87, No. 1, 1952, pp. 83-86. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.87.83

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Optimization Method to Determine Gross Alpha-Beta in Water Samples Using Liquid Scintillation Counter

  AUTHORS: Waleed M. Abdellah

  KEYWORDS: Water; LSC; Pulse Decay Discrimination; Alpha; Beta

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.5 No.9, September 30, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is an adequate nuclear technique to determine radioactivity levels, as verified by this study for the determination of the gross alpha and beta activities of aqueous samples because of its simplicity and low associated cost comparison with other techniques. This paper discusses a new approach to the monitoring of gross alpha and gross beta activities in water. The method consists of using pulse decay discrimination (PDD) liquid scintillation counting LSC of 2 ml of the sample after conditioning with 12 ml of AB-Ultima Gold LSC cocktail, and PDD 139 condition. Different factors that affected on the counting efficiency were studied such as quench reaction, volume of sample, and type of vial. The gross alpha and gross beta particle activity measurement using 40K and 243Am with different activities concentration for efficiency determination. The calculated detection limits were 0.07 Bq/l and 0.12 Bq/l for gross alpha and gross beta respectively for 500 min measurements of samples produced by concentration of one liter of water.