TITLE:
Role of Active Principles of Podophyllum hexandrum in Amelioration of Radiation Mediated Lung Injuries by Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species Reduction
AUTHORS:
Rashmi Saini, Savita Verma, Abhinav Singh, Manju Lata Gupta
KEYWORDS:
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Lung Injury; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Podophyllum hexandrum; Radiation
JOURNAL NAME:
CellBio,
Vol.2 No.3,
September
17,
2013
ABSTRACT: Radiation induced reactive
oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are reported to cause lung injuries such as
pneumonitis and fibrosis which may be fatal at times. Current study is designed
to analyse the radioprotective efficacy of P.
hexandrum active principles (G-002M)
on lungs of mice exposed to high dose of gamma irradiation (7 Gy). Cellular
profiles and inflammatory cell infiltrates of irradiated bronchoalveolar lavage
fluid (BALF) have shown correlations with lung pathology. Cell counts were
determined in BALF of control, 7 Gy radiation exposed and radiation with G-002M
pretreated mice.
ROS/Nitric Oxide (NO) production was measured by 2,7dichlorodihydrofluorescein
diacetate (DCF-DA) and diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2DA) through
microscopy and flow cytometry respectively. Immunostaining of inducible nitric
oxide synthase (iNOS) in BALF cells and lung sections was also observed
microscopically. iNOS ex- pression was observed in lungs by western blotting.
BALF was also processed to estimate total protein, LDH, and phospholipids
content. Catalase, reduced Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione reductase (GR) and
lipid peroxidation were estimated in lung tissues. Pre-administration of G-002M
significantly decreased radiation mediated neutrophils count in BALF of
irradiated mice. ROS generation, iNOS expression, total protein, LDH and
phospholipids were found less affected in G-002M pretreated group in comparison to
radiation alone group. Radiation exposure to mice was found apparently leading to
parenchymal fibrosis, an architectural distortion of the lung tissue with
edema, infiltration of inflammatory blood cells with increased immunolabeling
of iNOS. G-002M pretreatment significantly countered radiation mediated
increased lipid peroxidation and decreased GR, catalase and GSH in mice.
Current study demonstrates possible role of P. hexandrum (G-002M) in minimizing lung damage induced by radiation
mediated ROS/RNS generation.