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R. Branemark, et al., “Osseointegration in Skeletal Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: A Review,” Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2001, pp. 175-181.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Low Cost Osseointegrated Implant System for Developing Countries

  AUTHORS: Kayla M. Foyt, Jason Roberts

  KEYWORDS: Quality of Life; Implants; Otology; BAHA; Hearing Loss

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Vol.2 No.5, September 11, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Objective: Osseointegrated hearing implants have been readily available and extensively used in developed countries for over twenty years. Despite a great need for this technology, use of these implants in developing countries has been limited due to the prohibitive cost of the surgical implant system as well as the implant devices themselves. To address this problem we have developed a drill and implant system that mimics the currently available instrumentation using materials that are readily available at a fraction of the cost. Study Design: Proof of Concept. Methods: The construction of the drill and implant system will be described. Testing of the system so that it adhered to Cochlear’sTM Bone anchored hearing aid system specifications including the drill speed and torque settings were measured. Temperature readings were also recorded during procedures performed on human cadaveric temporal bones. Results: The speed of the drill with the guide drill and countersink drill bits ranged from 1400 revolutions per minute (rpm) to 2300 rpm’s. The temperature change of the room temperature temporal bones varied from 0 degrees to +0.2 degrees Fahrenheit during the drilling process with both drill bits. All five implants were stable in the cadaver bone after being checked for initial stability. Conclusion: This low cost implant system may make the BAHA technology more easily available to developing countries pending future studies with animal models.