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Bach, M.E., Barad, M., Son, H., Zhuo, M., Lu, Y.F., Shih, R., Mansuy, I., Hawkins, R.D. and Kandel, E.R. (1999) Age-related defects in spatial memory are correlated with defects in the late phase of hippocampal long-term potentiation in vitro and are attenuated by drugs that enhance the cAMP signaling pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96, 5280-5285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.9.5280

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• TITLE: Dissociative decline of spatial learning and recall with aging in male CD-1 mice

  AUTHORS: Katharina L. Neumeister, Peter Lohmann, Matthias W. Riepe

  KEYWORDS: Spatial Learning; Maze; CD-1; Middle-Aged; Old; Recall; Retrieval; Acquisition; Encoding; Memory; Running Speed

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Psychiatry, Vol.3 No.4, September 2, 2013

  ABSTRACT: On aging, spatial memory declines to some degree in both, rodents and humans. It is unknown, however, whether aging brings about a decline of encoding and retrieval of spatial information in parallel. The present study examined spatial encoding and retrieval in male CD-1 mice at 4, 9, and 12 months of age in a complex dry-land maze. The total time to reach the goal zone was age-dependent favoring mice at 4 months of age. We showed previously that moving time represents encoding of spatial information and resting time represents recall of previously learned spatial information. The average moving time decreased from 69.8 ± 5.3 s (mean ± SEM), 69.7 ± 8.0 s, and 78.9 ± 4.9 s to 17.0 ± 2.3 s (p