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Andreu, G.L.P., Delgado, R., Velho, J.A., Curti, C. and Vercesi, A.E. (2005) Mangiferin, a natural occurring glucosyl xanthone, increases susceptibility of rat liver mitochondria to calcium-induced permeability transition. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 439(2), 184-193. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2005.05.015

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• TITLE: Involvement of mitochondrial swelling in cytochrome c release from mitochondria treated with calcium and Alloxan

  AUTHORS: Takuya Ichimura, Mika Ito, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Kyohei Oyama, Koichi Sakurai

  KEYWORDS: Mitochondrial Swelling; Cytochrome C Release; Calcium; Alloxan; Mitochondrial Permeability Transition

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Biophysical Chemistry, Vol.2 No.1, February 22, 2011

  ABSTRACT: An early event in the induction of apoptosis is cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from mitochondria. We investigated the involvement of mitochonrial permeability transition (MPT) and mitochondrial swelling in Cyt c release from mitochondria treated with alloxan and/or calcium (Ca2+). When mitochondria were treated with a high concentration of Ca2+. alone or Ca2+. with alloxan (alloxan-Ca2+), the MPT was accompanied by mitochondrial swelling and the release of Cyt c. Cyclosporin A prevented the induction of MPT but only slightly decreased the release of Cyt c. High molecular weight polyethylene glycol almost completely inhibited MPT-dependent osmotic mitochondrial swelling and Cyt c release. However, MPT-independent mitochondrial swelling and Cyt c release induced by exogenous K+. were inhibited by the high molecular weight polyethylene glycol. Ruthenium red strongly decreased the amount of Cyt c released. These results suggest that mitochondrial swelling but not MPT is necessary for Cyt c release induced by Ca2+ alone or alloxan and Ca2+.