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B. Beermann, T. Christensson, P. Moller and A. Stillstrom, “Lipoid Pneumonia: An Occupational Hazard of Fire Eaters,” British Medical Journal, Vol. 289, No. 6460, 1984, pp. 1728-1729. doi:10.1136/bmj.289.6460.1728

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Do Not Play with Fire

  AUTHORS: Antonio Villa, Anna Kostihova, Simona Cattaneo, Anna Maria Croce, Marta Luperto

  KEYWORDS: Lipoid Pneumonia; Fire Eater; BAL Fluid

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases, Vol.3 No.3, July 29, 2013

  ABSTRACT: We report a case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia caused by inhalation of liquid paraffin in a fire eater young man. The patient was admitted to the Emergency Department because of acute retrosternal pain, dry cough and dyspnea. Chest radiograph showed multiple bilateral basal alveolar opacities associated to left pleural effusion; CT chest scan showed multiple bilateral areas of consolidation with cavity areas. BAL cytologic examination revealed abundant lipid-laden macrophages. Clinical symptoms resolved after corticosteroid treatment. Lipoid pneumonia is a rare and often underdiagnosed entity. The presence of lipid-laden macrophages in sputum or BAL fluid helps to confirm the diagnosis.