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Hardy, K., Martin, K.L., Leese, H.J., Winston, R.M. and Handyside, A.H. (1990) Human preimplantation development in vitro is not adversely affected by biopsy at the 8-cell stage. Human Reproduction, 5, 708-714.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and the biopsy technique: Important considerations

  AUTHORS: Ermanno Greco, Gemma Fabozzi, Alessandra Ruberti, Daniela Zavaglia, Maria Giulia Minasi

  KEYWORDS: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis; Screening; Polar Body; Embryo; Blastocyst Biopsy

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Reproductive Sciences, Vol.1 No.2, July 23, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Preimplantation genetic diagnosis allows to test the genetic status of embryos prior to implantation. In order to obtain genetic material, on which carry out a genetic diagnosis, a procedure named embryo biopsy is required. In the last two decades, embryo biopsy at the cleavage stage has been the mostly performed procedure. However, recently, alternative methods allowing the retrieval of a larger number of cells (blastocyst stage biopsy), or representing a valid alternative to overcome ethical issues (polar body biopsy) have obtained increasing consensus. This article reviews different methods of embryo biopsy and points out their positive and negative aspects.