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M. S. White, D. C. Olson, S. E. Shaheen, N. Kopidakis and D. S. Ginley, “Inverted Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Device Using A Solution-derived ZnO Underlayer,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 89, 143517, 2006.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Effects of Annealing Conditions on ZnO Buffer Layer for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells

  AUTHORS: Chuan Liu, Lihua Zheng, Zhiyang Gao, Yuhui Gan, Jian Zhang, Chuannan Li

  KEYWORDS: Polymer Solar Cells (PSCs); Zinc Oxide; Buffer Layer; Annealing; Morphology

  JOURNAL NAME: Optics and Photonics Journal, Vol.3 No.2B, July 22, 2013

  ABSTRACT: A solution-processed zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film as the buffer layer with optimized processes especially the annealing conditions for inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs) has been demonstrated. Firstly the thickness of ZnO buffer layer was optimized, and different annealing conditions including temperature and time have also been taken into consideration. And the best Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) 3.434% was observed when the ZnO buffer layer was spin–coated at 1500 rpm and annealed at 275℃ for 5 min, and AFM results showed that morphology of this ZnO film has the best uniformity which was beneficial to form high quality polymer composite active layer.