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B. M. Leiner, V. G. Cerf, D. D. Clark, R. E. Kahn, L. Kleinrock, D. C. Lynch, J. Postel, L. G. Roberts and S. Wolff, “A Brief History of the Internet,” 2000. http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Hadoop Based Defense Solution to Handle Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks

  AUTHORS: Shweta Tripathi, Brij Gupta, Ammar Almomani, Anupama Mishra, Suresh Veluru

  KEYWORDS: DDoS; DoS; Defense Mechanism; Characteristics; Hadoop; MapReduce

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Information Security, Vol.4 No.3, July 16, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks continues to grow as a threat to organizations worldwide. From the first known attack in 1999 to the highly publicized Operation Ababil, the DDoS attacks have a history of flooding the victim network with an enormous number of packets, hence exhausting the resources and preventing the legitimate users to access them. After having standard DDoS defense mechanism, still attackers are able to launch an attack. These inadequate defense mechanisms need to be improved and integrated with other solutions. The purpose of this paper is to study the characteristics of DDoS attacks, various models involved in attacks and to provide a timeline of defense mechanism with their improvements to combat DDoS attacks. In addition to this, a novel scheme is proposed to detect DDoS attack efficiently by using MapReduce programming model.