TITLE:
Actonel® (risedronate) therapy for the maintenance of alveolar bone in adult chronic periodontitis
AUTHORS:
Nipul K. Tanna, Marjorie K. Jeffcoat
KEYWORDS:
Risedronate; Actonel; Bone; Osteonecrosis; Osteoporosis; Dental; Periodontitis
JOURNAL NAME:
Health,
Vol.5 No.7B,
July
16,
2013
ABSTRACT: Introduction:
The primary objective of this study was to determine whether risedronate sodium
(Actonel?) therapy, in conjunction with conventional non-surgical periodontal treatment, reduces
the rate of alveolar bone loss. Secondary aims were to compare the incidence of
patient dropouts in the risedronate and placebo groups, and to document adverse events. Methods: This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 125 patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. At baseline,
three, and nine months, standardized vertical bite-wing radiographs were taken
and used to measure bone loss. Clinical periodontal
examinations were taken at three-month intervals to assess whether or not
the patient was experiencing rapid periodontal
breakdown, in which case suitable treatment could be planned and delivered.
Patients received scaling and root planing at baseline and periodontal maintenance at three-month intervals thereafter. At three months, subjects were randomly assigned to risedronate (35 mg/week by mouth) or placebo in blocks
based on the severity of periodontitis (moderate, mean bone loss 2 -4 mm; or severe, mean bone loss >4 mm); smoking; and diabetes. Interval bone
loss in millimeters was measured from the radiographs, and analysis of variance
(ANOVA) was used to test for differences in bone loss between test and placebo groups.
Results: Over the nine-month study duration, the test group exhibited a significantly
greater increase in bone height (0.31 ±0.09
mmgain test, 0.08 ±0.09
mmgain placebo,
F = 4.94, p gesting
the possibility of a patient-noticeable effect. There was no indication of ONJ.