TITLE:
Supermassive Black Holes, the Early Universe, and Gamma-Ray Bursts
AUTHORS:
Shawqi Al Dallal, Walid J. Azzam
KEYWORDS:
Black Holes; Early Universe; Gamma-Ray Bursts
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.4 No.7A,
July
12,
2013
ABSTRACT: Observational evidence reveals that supermassive black holes reside
at the center of most galaxies up to the furthest observable redshifts. The
tight M-σ relation suggests a close
operative feedback between the growth of supermassive black holes and the
growth of the galactic bulge. Models describing the formation scenarios of
seeding black holes and their growth are reviewed. In each of these models, the
prevailing environments in the primordial-galactic disks, including the gas
dynamics, cooling processes, and metallic enrichment are explored. It is shown
that the galactic disk parameters set constraints on the channel of
formation of the seeding black holes and their growth. Primordial black holes
from the inflationary era, their formation, possible interaction, and
constraints on their observations are discussed. Gamma-ray bursts resulting
either from the collapse of massive stars, or from the collision of compact
objects are explored. The abundance of these violent events in the early
universe suggests a possible connection with galaxy formation.