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S. D. Harlow, M. Gass, J. E. Hall, R. Lobo, P. Maki, W. Robert. S. S. Rebar, P. M. Sluss and T. J de Villiers, “Executive Summary of the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10: Addressing the Unfinished Agenda of Staging Reproductive Aging,” Menopause: The Journal of the North American Menopause Society, Vol. 19, No. 4, 2012, pp. 387-395. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31824d8f40
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TITLE:
Menopausal Perceptions and Experiences of Older Women from Selected Sites in Botswana
AUTHORS:
Njoku Ola Ama, Enock Ngome
KEYWORDS:
Older Women; Menopause; Knowledge; Perceptions; Logistic Regression; Factor Analysis
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Sexual Medicine,
Vol.3 No.3,
July
9,
2013
ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess the menopausal perceptions and experiences of older women from selected sites in Botswana. Design: This study used snowball sampling to recruit 444 older women in four health districts of Botswana. Trained research assistants administered a structured questionnaire to determine respondents’ menopausal symptoms, perceptions and knowledge of menopause and sexual experiences. Multiple logistic regression procedures were used to evaluate the association of socio-demographic characteristics with knowledge of menopause and factor analysis was used to cluster menopausal symptoms. Results: Participants had low levels of knowledge and awareness of menopause. The three most common changes identified were weakening of bones (78%), changes in sex drive (69.6%), and difficulty working (56.2%). The majority of respondents perceived menopause as freedom from menstrual cycles (85%) and cost saving (65%). Employment status was significantly associated with knowledge of menopause. The mean age at menopause was 48.9 years. With an average life expectancy of 54.5 years, there remains about 6 years of postmenopausal life. Recommendation: Public health care systems in and beyond Botswana should mobilize resources and take measures to improve older women’s awareness and knowledge about menopause-related changes through educational training and guidance to maintain active, healthy lives.