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Hazen, T.C., Tien, A.J., worsztynowicz, A., Altman, D.J., Ulfig, K. and Manko, T. (2003) Biopiles for remediation of petroleum–contaminated soils: Apolish case study. The Utilization of Bioremediation to Reduce Soil Contamination: Problems and Solutions, IV Earth and Environmental Science, NATO Science Series, 19, 229-246.

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• TITLE: Biodegradation of Kirkuk light crude oil by Bacillus thuringiensis, Northern of Iraq

  AUTHORS: Marwah Thamer, Abdul Rahman Al-Kubaisi, Zahraa Zahraw, Hussam Aldin Abdullah, Iman Hindy, Ammar Abd Khadium

  KEYWORDS: Bacillus thuringiensis; Crude Oil; Biodegradation; Pollution

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Science, Vol.5 No.7, July 9, 2013

  ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to identify the viability of Bacillus thuringiensis bacterial on a bio-degradation process for Kirkuk light crude oil. The viable count of Bacillus thuringiensis showed great capability on the biodegradation of crude oil. These bacteria exhibit the ability to dismantle crude oil through clear emulsion layer of crude oil. And they have a good efficiency to dismantle hydrocarbon compounds by 80%, and total biomass reaches to 5 g/l, while the amount of emulsion reaches to 2.3 g/l. For more evidences on the biodegradation action of Bacillus thuringiensis which have been supported by using the technology of gas-Chromatography which confirms the occurring of biodegradation process. The visual examination of gas-Chromatography shows the disappearance of a number of chemicals, as well as decrease in peak area for some material.