TITLE:
The Evaluation of Vancomycin Microspheres on Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and the Effect of Bacteria on Eukaryotic Cell Wall Permeability
AUTHORS:
Henry Nettey, Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington, Martin J. D’Souza
KEYWORDS:
Microencapsulation; Endothelial Cells; Permeation Enhancers; Albumin
JOURNAL NAME:
Pharmacology & Pharmacy,
Vol.4 No.4,
July
1,
2013
ABSTRACT: Sepsis is a host’s response to an intravascular
infection; however, in most patients the disease
recurs after a seemingly effective treatment. The reappearance of bacteria in
the systemic circulation has been attributed to their ability to enter and hide
within host endothelial cells. This study shows that internalized S. aureus is released into circulation
by a possible mechanism of exocytosis
through actin polymerization. Bacterial cell wall components (permeation
enhancers) were significantly more effective in altering endothelial cell
monolayer integrity than controls. Vancomycin has been determined to be
effective in the treatment of S. aureus infections; however, the microencapsulated formulation of vancomycin was significantly more effective in
reducing plasma and intra-tissue S.
aureus than the conventional solution formulation. Microencapsulation of
vancomycin, using albumin as a matrix, did not alter the bioactivity of the
drug.