TITLE:
Prevalence and Distribution of ABO and Rh-D Antigens along with Its Subgroups & Rare Types in Greater Gwalior Region
AUTHORS:
Dharmesh Chandra Sharma, Sunita Rai, Sudha Iyenger, Bharat Jain, Satya Sao
KEYWORDS:
ABO; Rh-D; ABO Phenotype
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Blood Diseases,
Vol.3 No.2,
June
25,
2013
ABSTRACT: Among a total of 29 blood
group systems and over 600 different blood group antigens discovered so far, ABO and Rhesus
are the most important blood group systems. The most significance rhesus
antigen is Rh-D because of its immunogenicity. The sound knowledge of ABO and
Rh-D antigens and its distribution in population is essential for the effective
management of blood transfusion services, in population genetic studies, in
resolving medico-legal issues and more importantly in compatibility test in
blood transfusion practice. Study is aimed to provide data on ABO and Rh-D
distribution in Gwalior region (Madhya Pradesh) and its comparison with related
studies in India and abroad. Total 90,000 samples in 4 years from
January 2004 to
December 2007 were grouped for ABO, Rh-D and their subgroups at Blood Bank of Gajra Raja
Medical College, along with Emergency Blood Bank, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. Blood group distribution among these
samples showed phenotypes A, B, AB and O as 22.7%, 37.5%, 9% and 30.8%
respectively. A2 and A2B were 8.0% and 8.6% respectively. The Rh-D negative phenotype was found 8.9% and DU variants/weaker D was 0.036% among the sample tested. In cord blood
samples, the incidence of
A2 and
A2B were 18.6% and 20.2% respectively.