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M. Ahmadzadeh, L. A. Johnson, B. Heemskerk, J. R. Wunderlich, M. E. Dudley, D. E. White and S. A. Rosenberg, “Tumor Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells Infiltrating the Tumor Express High Levels of PD-1 and Are Functionally Impaired,” Blood, Vol. 114, No. 8, 2009, pp. 1537-1544. doi:10.1182/blood-2008-12-195792

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Melanoma Immunotherapy: Overcoming Obstacles to Augment Anti-Tumor Immune Responses

  AUTHORS: Kristian M. Hargadon

  KEYWORDS: Melanoma; Tumor Immunotherapy; Dendritic Cell; Tumor Antigen; T Cell; Vaccine; Adoptive Transfer

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, Vol.3 No.2A, June 20, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and accounts for the vast majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Its ability to metastasize quickly, often before diagnosis, makes this cancer difficult to treat with traditional therapies. The identification of anti-melanoma immune responses in patients and the discovery of tumor antigens targeted by these immune responses have paved the way for immunotherapy as a novel approach to treating this cancer. In this review, the major immunotherapies targeting these melanoma tumor antigens are discussed. The advantages and limitations of peptide-, protein-, and gene-based vaccination maneuvers and adoptive cell transfer therapies are emphasized. Recent insights into melanoma immune evasion strategies are also highlighted, with particular focus on how our increasing knowledge of tumor/immune cell interactions is driving the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma.