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D. Pal and J. Sarkar, “Spatial Competition among Multi-Store Firms,” International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2002, pp. 163-190. doi:10.1016/S0167-7187(00)00080-1

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Instability in the Hotelling’s Non-Price Spatial Competition Model

  AUTHORS: Yosuke Yasuda

  KEYWORDS: Hotelling Model; Multiple Locations; The Principle of Minimization

  JOURNAL NAME: Theoretical Economics Letters, Vol.3 No.3A, June 18, 2013

  ABSTRACT: This note analyzes a slightly modified Hotelling model in which two firms are allowed to choose multiple store locations. Each firm can endogenously choose the number of stores while opening a store incurs a set-up cost. We show that the principle of minimum differentiation, i.e., both firms open a store each on the center, never holds when the set-up cost is decreasing in the number of stores. Under general cost functions that include non-linear and asymmetric set up costs, we characterize the conditions under which the principle holds. General payoff functions that are non-linear in the market share are also considered.