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M. Singh, M. L. Mynak, L. Kumar, J. L. Matthew and S. K. Jindal, “Prevalence and Risk Factors for Transmission of Infection among Children in Household Contact with Adult Having Pulmonary TB,” Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol. 90, No. 6, 2005, pp. 624-628. doi:10.1136/adc.2003.044255

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• TITLE: Risk Factors in the Transmission of Tuberculosis in Nairobi: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study

  AUTHORS: Perpetual Wangui Ndungu, Gunturu Revathi, Samuel Kariuki, Zipporah Ng’ang’a

  KEYWORDS: Tuberculosis; Risk Factors; Transmission

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Microbiology, Vol.3 No.2, May 31, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with an estimated 1.45 million deaths every year. Many patients get infected as a result of ignorance of the risk factors that contribute to disease transmission. Methodology: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on 258 patients presenting with pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients’ sputa were collected for laboratory analysis and patients were required to respond to a structured questionnaire on risk factors for transmission. Data among stratified groups were compared using bivariate analysis. Statistical significance was considered at p Results: There were significantly more males than females associated with pulmonary tuberculosis infection (χ2 = 0.963; df = 1; p (64.3%) patients were living in single rooms with 110 (42.6%) living with more than two people with a maximum of 10 people in a single room. Only 73 (28.3%) were living alone in a single room and only 7 families (2.7%) were living in houses with five or more rooms. Alcohol consumers and smokers were 102 (39.5%) and 93 (36%) respectively. Half of the patients (137 (53.3%)) had not completed secondary education with only 16 (6.2%) having completed tertiary education. Recurrent cases were 54 (21%) while those exposed to the disease either at home or working place were 75 (29.2%). Out of 171 patients who agreed to test for HIV, 46 (26.9%) were positive. Marital status had no effect on incidence of disease. Conclusion: Emphasis should be given to creating awareness of the risk factors associated with transmission of tuberculosis in order to reduce the rate of infection.