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Kemppainen, K., Inkinen, J., Uusitalo, J., Nakari-Setala, T. and Si-ika-Aho, M. (2012) Hot water extraction and steam explosion as pretreatments for ethanol production from spruce bark. Bioresource Technology, 117, 131-139. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.080

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• TITLE: An investigation on the nutrient and material effects of bark in komatsuna and tomato growing tests by using pots to determine the optimum mixed combination

  AUTHORS: Masafumi Tateda, Mayuko Deguchi, Yukihiro Kaji

  KEYWORDS: Bark; Fertilizer; Pot Test; Growing Test; Komatsuna; Tomato

  JOURNAL NAME: Agricultural Sciences, Vol.4 No.5, May 31, 2013

  ABSTRACT: The effects of bark on komatsuna (Japanese spinach) and tomato were investigated by changing the nitrogen content of chemical fertilizers and bark mixing ratio. Mixing 25 and 50% of bark with soil improved komatsuna growth, and also exceeded the growth rates obtained by using chemical fertilizers. However, komatsuna could not grow in 100% bark alone, with excessive amounts of bark majorly inhibiting komatsuna growth. The aeration of bark also did not enhance komatsuna growth. The nitrogen content and bark-mixing ratio had a much lower impact on tomato growth compared to komatsuna. In comparison, aerated bark was more effective in enhancing tomato growth compared to komatsuna growth.