TITLE:
Controlled release of cisplatin and cancer cell apoptosis with cisplatin encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles
AUTHORS:
A. Champa Jayasuriya, Anthony J. Darr
KEYWORDS:
Nanoparticles, Cisplatin; Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid); Controlled Release; Cancer; Apopotosis
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering,
Vol.6 No.5,
May
27,
2013
ABSTRACT: The
goal of the present study is to utilize cis-diamminedichloroplatinum
(cisplatin) loaded polymer nanoparticles (NPs) to give a controlled, extended,
and local drug therapy for the treatment of cancer. We have used biodegradable
and biocompatible poly(lactic-co-glycolic
acid) (PLGA) to prepare the NPs by adjusting the double emulsion technique using poly(vinylalcohol) as a
surface active agent. The PLGA NPs were characterized for particle size and
shape, controlled release of cisplatin, and degradation. Cisplatin solubility
in deionized water was increased up to 4 mg/mL by simply changing the solution
parameters. Cisplatin encapsulated NPs were incubated in phosphate buffered
saline (PBS) at 37?C to study the release kinetics of cisplatin. Cisplatin
was released in a sustained manner with less than 20% release during a 3-day
period followed by 50% release during a 21-day period. A degradation study of
PLGA NPs demonstrated the loss of spherical shape during a 21-day period. We
also examined the cisplatin sensitive A2780 cell apoptosis when cells were
incubated with cisplatin encapsulated PLGA NPs. A large number of cell
apoptosis occurred as a result of cisplatin release from the PLGA NPs. These
results suggest that cisplatin encapsulated PLGA NPs can be used to treat the
cancer cells by injecting them into a localized site minimizing the side
effects.