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Z. B. Gu, M. H. Lu, J. Wang, D. Wu, S. T. Zhang, X. K. Meng, Y. Y. Zhu, S. N. Zhu, Y. F. Chen and X. Q. Pan, “Structure, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Manganese and Nitrogen-Codoped ZnO Films,” Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, No. 8, 2006, Article ID: 082111. doi:10.1063/1.2178466

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: XANES and XPS Study on Microstructure of Mn-Doped ZnO Films

  AUTHORS: B. Zhang, M. Li, J. Z. Wang, L. Q. Shi, H. S. Cheng

  KEYWORDS: ZnO-Based DMS; Mn Substitution; XANES; XPS

  JOURNAL NAME: Materials Sciences and Applications, Vol.4 No.5, May 21, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Microstructure of ZnO:Mn films with various Mn concentration was investigated with XANES and XPS. The experimental results revealed a substitution of Mn in ZnO and also excluded the existence of Mn oxides or metallic manganese clusters. The substitutional Mn presented a divalent state and all the ZnO:Mn films were n-type. Room temperature ferromagnetism monotonously decreases with the decrease of the electron carrier concentration. The observed ferrmagnetism should come from the carrier-mediated exchange.