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J. Ben Chaim, I. Leibovitch, J. Ramon, D. Winberg and B. Goldwasser, “Etiology of Acute Scrotum at Surgical Exploration in Children, Adolescents and Adults,” European Urology, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1992, pp. 45-47.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Epididymo-Orchitis in Pre-Pubertal Children. Epidemiology, Etiology, Management and Follow-Up Recommendations

  AUTHORS: Sarel Halachmi, Neri Katz

  KEYWORDS: Gonad; Inflammation; Infection; Pre-Pubertal; Boys; Etiology; Management; Treatment

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Urology, Vol.3 No.2, May 17, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Epididymo-Orchitis (EO) is a disease that may affect males in all ages. Neonates and elderly patients may suffer from bacterial infection due to congenital or aging processes affecting the urinary tract. In sexually active post pubertal and young males sexually transmitted organisms may cause EO. EO is also prevalent in pre pubertal healthy boys; however in this group the etiology, the needed imaging modalities and proper management are not clearly defined yet. This manuscript will systematically review the various etiologies causing EO in pre-pubertal boys, discus about the needed proper imaging, and image interpretation, will give treatment and follow-up recommendations.